一.僅一個網卡的情況下,這種情況可以讓該機器可以通過多個IP被通路,或隐藏常用IP,讓他人通路其臨時IP。
1.如果臨時性的增加一個IP(重新開機機器或networ服務後,丢失),可以使用ifconfig指令
1)先檢視目前的網卡資訊
[[email protected] network-scripts]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:13:94:EB
inet addr:192.168.1.88 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe13:94eb/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:3412 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1544 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:437408 (427.1 KiB) TX bytes:189062 (184.6 KiB)
Base address:0x2040 Memory:e8920000-e8940000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:44 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:44 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:4546 (4.4 KiB) TX bytes:4546 (4.4 KiB)
表明現在機器上隻有一個網卡,端口為eth0
2)新增一個虛拟端口,并配置IP位址
[[email protected] network-scripts]# ifconfig eth0:1 172.16.1.222 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
#up表示當即生效,另外,如果想關閉個端口。可以ifconfig eth0:1 down
執行指令後,ifconfig多出一個端口資訊
eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:13:94:EB
inet addr:172.16.1.119 Bcast:172.16.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Base address:0x2040 Memory:e8920000-e8940000
且能夠ping通新增的IP
[[email protected] network-scripts]# ping 172.16.1.222
PING 172.16.1.222 (172.16.1.222) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.1.222: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=3.29 ms
檢視目前路由
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
172.16.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 #增加的
0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
3)設定路由
對應新IP,新增一個網段,使這個網段能夠通路
route add -net 172.16.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 172.16.1.254 eth0:1
檢視目前路由
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
172.16.1.0 172.16.1.254 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 #增加的
172.16.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
此時ping 172.16.1.118這台機器,ping通,表示臨時新增IP完成
[[email protected] ~]# ping 172.16.1.118
PING 172.16.1.118 (172.16.1.118) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.1.118: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.147 ms
注:這是臨時使用的辦法,如重新開機network或重新開機機器。則新增的IP丢失
2.永久性新增一個IP
1)仿照/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0檔案,增加一個新增虛拟端口的檔案
如ifcfg-eth0:1
cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:1
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:1
修改成
DEVICE=eth0:1
#BOOTPROTO=dhcp
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:0C:29:13:94:EB
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=172.16.1.119
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
TYPE=Ethernet
GATEWAY=172.16.1.254
2)永久性增加對應的路由
[[email protected] sysconfig]# vi /etc/sysconfig/static-routes
增加一條路由
any net 172.16.1.0 gw 172.16.1.254 netmask 255.255.255.0
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network #這個操作如果沒做,也能連接配接上去,暫不知道影響什麼的
增加一條
GATEWAY=172.16.1.254
3)service network restart