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FragmentStatePagerAdapter與FragmentPagerAdapter

ViewPager與Fragment的配合使用,除了FragmentPagerAdapter之外,還有另外一個選擇FragmentStatePagerAdapter。

其實在實際應用中FragmentStatePagerAdapter相對于FragmentPagerAdapter多了兩個全局變量:

private ArrayList<Fragment.SavedState> mSavedState = new ArrayList<Fragment.SavedState>();
private ArrayList<Fragment> mFragments = new ArrayList<Fragment>();
           

在這個地方,需要注意的是:

①mSavedState 儲存每個Fragment的狀态資訊的清單

②mFragments 儲存每個Fragment執行個體對象的清單

接下來,貼出來源碼分析一波:

/*** 擷取給定位置對應的Fragment。
 ** @param position 給定的位置
 * @return 對應的Fragment
 * */
 public abstract Fragment getItem(int position);
 @Override
 public void startUpdate(ViewGroup container) {}
 @Override
 public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) { 
     // 擷取給定位置的已存在Fragment 
     if (mFragments.size() > position) { 
         Fragment f = mFragments.get(position); 
         if (f != null) {
           return f;
          } 
       }
    // 建立新事務
     if (mCurTransaction == null) {
         mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction(); 
      } 
      // 建立給定位置的Fragment 
      Fragment fragment = getItem(position); 
      if (DEBUG) 
      Log.v(TAG, "Adding item #" + position + ": f=" + fragment); 
      // 讀取給定位置的Fragment儲存的狀态,并用該狀态對Fragment進行初始化 
      if (mSavedState.size() > position) { 
          Fragment.SavedState fss = mSavedState.get(position); 
          if (fss != null) { 
          fragment.setInitialSavedState(fss); 
        } 
    } 
         while (mFragments.size() <= position) { 
              mFragments.add(null);
     }       
     fragment.setMenuVisibility(false); 
     fragment.setUserVisibleHint(false); 
     mFragments.set(position, fragment);
      // 添加Fragment到FragmentManager中 
     mCurTransaction.add(container.getId(), fragment); 
     return fragment;
}

 @Override
 public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) { 
         Fragment fragment = (Fragment) object; 
         // 建立新事務
           if (mCurTransaction == null) {
              mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction(); 
          } 
          if (DEBUG)
Log.v(TAG, "Removing item #" + position + ": f=" + object + " v=" + ((Fragment)object).getView()); 
         while (mSavedState.size() <= position) {
              mSavedState.add(null);
               } 
           // 儲存目前銷毀的Fragment的狀态 
           mSavedState.set(position, fragment.isAdded() ? mFragmentManager.saveFragmentInstanceState(fragment) : null); 
           mFragments.set(position, null); 
           // 移除銷毀的Fragment 
           mCurTransaction.remove(fragment); }
@Override
public void setPrimaryItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
    Fragment fragment = (Fragment)object;
    if (fragment != mCurrentPrimaryItem) {
        // 主要項切換,相關菜單及資訊進行切換
        if (mCurrentPrimaryItem != null) {
            mCurrentPrimaryItem.setMenuVisibility(false);
            mCurrentPrimaryItem.setUserVisibleHint(false);
        }
        if (fragment != null) {
            fragment.setMenuVisibility(true);
            fragment.setUserVisibleHint(true);
        }
        mCurrentPrimaryItem = fragment;
    }
}

@Override
public void finishUpdate(ViewGroup container) {
    if (mCurTransaction != null) {
        // 送出事務
        mCurTransaction.commitAllowingStateLoss();
        mCurTransaction = null;
        // 立即運作等待中事務
        mFragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
    }
}

@Override
public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object) {
    return ((Fragment)object).getView() == view;
}

@Override
public Parcelable saveState() {
    Bundle state = null;
    if (mSavedState.size() &gt; ) {
        // 儲存Fragment狀态清單
        state = new Bundle();
        Fragment.SavedState[] fss = new Fragment.SavedState[mSavedState.size()];
        mSavedState.toArray(fss);
        state.putParcelableArray("states", fss);
    }
    // 儲存Fragment清單
    for (int i=; i&lt;mFragments.size(); i++) {
        Fragment f = mFragments.get(i);
        if (f != null &amp;&amp; f.isAdded()) {
            if (state == null) {
                state = new Bundle();
            }
            String key = "f" + i;
            mFragmentManager.putFragment(state, key, f);
        }
    }
    return state;
}

@Override
public void restoreState(Parcelable state, ClassLoader loader) {
    if (state != null) {
        // 讀取Fragment狀态清單
        Bundle bundle = (Bundle)state;
        bundle.setClassLoader(loader);
        Parcelable[] fss = bundle.getParcelableArray("states");
        mSavedState.clear();
        mFragments.clear();
        if (fss != null) {
            for (int i=; i&lt;fss.length; i++) {
                mSavedState.add((Fragment.SavedState)fss[i]);
            }
        }
        // 讀取Fragment清單
        Iterable&lt;String&gt; keys = bundle.keySet();
        for (String key: keys) {
            if (key.startsWith("f")) {
                int index = Integer.parseInt(key.substring());
                Fragment f = mFragmentManager.getFragment(bundle, key);
                if (f != null) {
                    while (mFragments.size() &lt;= index) {
                        mFragments.add(null);
                    }
                    f.setMenuVisibility(false);
                    mFragments.set(index, f);
                } else {
                    Log.w(TAG, "Bad fragment at key " + key);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
           

從源代碼中,我們可以清楚了解到FragmentStatePagerAdapter與FragmentPagerAdapter的不同:

  • FragmentStatePagerAdapter對Fragment執行個體和Fragment狀态進行引用保留。
  • FragmentStatePagerAdapter在instantiateItem方法中,建立新Fragment後,讀取對應Fragment狀态對其進行初始化設定,并且隻使用到add方法。
  • FragmentStatePagerAdapter在destroyItem方法中,銷毀Fragment時,儲存其Fragment狀态,并且使用remove方法移除Fragment。
  • FragmentStatePagerAdapter重載了saveState方法和restoreState方法,在其中對于Fragment執行個體清單和Fragment狀态清單進行儲存和讀取。

通過運作結果分析可以得到:

  • 當Fragment重新被add時,Fragment的生命周期全部重新調用,但是savedInstanceState參數保留着之前存儲的資料。
  • Fragment在FragmentStatePagerAdapter類的destroyItem方法中被remove時,Fragment的onDestroy方法和onDetach方法都被調用到。