Author: Chen Erhu
First, the sorrow of the world's eccentric Jin Shengsi
Mr. Li Guowen, a literary master, wrote a book "The Abnormal Death of Chinese Literati", which exhausts all kinds of "abnormal deaths" of literati, both internal and external, and also expresses some sorrows of the literati.
However, the most tragic death of the ancient literati is that the rulers think that they have violated the taboo, convicted and beheaded, let you always shut your mouth, so that you can never write books and talk, and serious people will also involve relatives, be flogged, convicted and exiled, and have no family property.
Jin Shengsi, a native of WuXian County, Suzhou, was originally named Cai, the word Ruocai, after the Ming Dynasty, it was changed to Jin Renrui, the word Shengsi, its meaning: Jin ren is on top, the saint Yan can not sigh!
It seems that this Jin Shengsi was a great prodigy in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, a truly famous literati, when he knew that he had violated the laws of the Qing Dynasty, was convicted and killed, and his wife and children were also to be sent to the northeast region called Ningguta as slaves, this stubborn Jin Sheng sighed and asked himself: "Beheading is the most painful thing in life, and it is the most tragic thing in the world. ”
Character is life, Jin Shengsi can be said to be a person with great wisdom and great wisdom, can he not know the morality? He is a victim of politics, a victim of power, and it is not so much that he is lamenting his unfortunate experience and sad fate, but that he is accusing this era.
Second, kaixi city, xizi to come
Jin Shengsi was born at the end of the Ming Dynasty, his childhood was relatively poor, he entered a private school at the age of nine, and studied hard, because the children of poor families had no capital, let alone qualified to "fight daddy", and could only study hard.
But Jin Sheng sighed and read, "went into the fire", deviated from the "right track", liked the "West Chamber" and "Water Margin", at that time these two books were classified as "adulterous and thief" and not serious, and Jin Sheng sighed to see how unorthodox it was, what fallacious heresies were told, and also added comments.
Participating in the imperial examination, he did not take the usual path, for example, when the annual examination, the examination question was "Xizi Laiyi", which was originally intended to be written in terms of the beauty Xi Shi curve to save the country, and Jin Shengsi wrote a wonderful article:
"Kaidongcheng, Xizi does not come; Kainancheng, Xizi does not come; Kaibeicheng, Xizi does not come; Kaixicheng, Xizi comes." I am glad to see this beauty! ”
What an interesting exam paper, the examiner read the reply: show to go! Show to go!
It is precisely because Jin Sheng sighed that "every time he encounters the examination of the year, he either enters the shiwen with slang, or writes a small poem at the end of the scroll, and satirizes the examiner." He was deposed, renamed into Pan, and so on", and failed to pass the imperial examination to ascend to the throne, but waited for the ming dynasty to fall.
By the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Jin Shengsi was already a well-known talent in the Jiangnan area, and his talent and knowledge were not comparable to those "dead learning" who spent all day to cope with the Eight Strands of Literature Examination and used it to move towards his career, but he was truly knowledgeable and talented, and perhaps it was precisely because of his true learning and true insight that Jin Sheng sighed and was arrogant, unrestrained, unruly, not obedient, not pretending, and not pretending to be high.
When Jin Shengsi lectured on the history of the scriptures to the students, he exported beads, the content was all over the history of the scriptures, casually picked up, and also next to the barnyard official yeshi, Buddhist taoist classics, omnipotent, and commented on literature and poetry, quite insightful, reading is more like to annotate at will, but also let the street booksellers to engrave the books he has annotated to get rich, forming a "Jin Sheng sigh fever", the reader is proud to collect the "Talent Book" of Jin Shengsi's criticism, which shows his popularity and influence at that time.
Third, Jin Shengsi, who was involved in the weeping temple case
It is precisely because of his debauchery that he has put things on the table.
In the eighteenth year of Qing Shunzhi (1661 AD), the Shunzhi Emperor died, and after the edict was transmitted to Jiangsu, according to the Manchu Qing ritual system, the ministers and ministers belonging to Suzhou Province were gathered in Suzhou to set up a memorial service to hang the Emperor Daxing.
Wu County is a county under Suzhou, the county is called Ren Weichu, its people are fierce and greedy, treatIng Li Min harshly, such as peasants who are in arrears in money and grain taxes, do not ask Qinghong, they all order to be beaten with moso bamboo pieces soaked in the cesspool, and after the torture, people cannot stand, the pain is not stopped, the people hate and fear him, and there is no good impression in the minds of the people.
The Xiucai people in Wu County were well aware that the common people were suffering from his torture and ill-treatment, and everyone was indignant, and they wanted to find an opportunity to report the situation to Ren Weichu's superior, Zhu Guozhi, the inspector of Jiangsu, and accuse him of his illegal acts.
Therefore, he took this opportunity to reflect the problem to the inspector, hoping to manage this bad official and export disgust for the people.
More than a hundred Xiucai gathered at the Temple of Literature to discuss the matter, and the surrounding people heard the news, and soon thousands of people were in full swing, and everyone shouted the slogan of expelling Ren Weichu and began the parade.
Since ancient officials and officials have protected each other, colluded from top to bottom, and this Ren Weichu is very good at honoring his superior, Zhu Guozhi, so they are in cahoots with each other and collude with each other, how can they let these show talents get into trouble.
Zhu Guozhi could not pull out the radish and bring out the mud, implicating himself, lest these suing xiucai make things bigger, so he escalated the small matter that belonged to the civil affairs to a political problem, and arrested the leaders of the group on the charge of shocking the spirit of emperor Daxing.
Xiucai felt wronged, and the next day he organized himself and gathered at the Temple of Literature to cry out his grievances.
The government dispatched personnel and arrested more than ten more people, along with those arrested the previous day, and one by one, they were taken to jiangning prison for strict interrogation.
In the course of the interrogation, some people confessed that the mastermind of this "weeping temple and shouting injustice" was Jin Shengsi, a great literary hero in the south of the Jiangnan.
This gave the government a sufficient reason, put Jin Shengsi into prison, implicated some people before and after, convicted important people of a great disrespectful crime of "disturbing the official government's will", sentenced to death and beheading, no family property, and family members.
Jin Shengsi also did not have a saint to lament, but everything was relieved, and before the execution, his son came to the death row to bid farewell.
Jin Sheng sighed and laughed freely, looked at his son who was sad and bitter, and choked up tears, and said, "Boy, I have a pair, I might as well come and test you and see how you are right." Uplink 'Lotus Seed Heart Bitter', downlink you to the right. ”
This is a harmonic union, lotus with pity, lotus is pity, containing a piece of his heart of love for the son, and the pain in the heart, more to whom?
When his son heard this, he had already stopped crying and burst into tears.
Jin Sheng looked at his son and smiled, "I said stupid son, what is worth being sad about?" Let me teach you how to pair up. This link should be 'pear belly acid'! ”
Pear is far away, the same harmonic word, pear is also parting with the child, there is endless bitterness in the heart.
Such a desolate and tragic scene, such a mournful mood, I am afraid that only Jin Shengsi's kind of open-mindedness and talent can be calm and witty at the time of life and death, agile and witty, not only expressing the pain and affection in the depths of his soul, but also determined to look down on everything.
Fourth, the last ridicule, there is a big taste of walnuts
Knowing that he was bound to die, Jin Shengsi wrote a letter and entrusted the jailer to his family, but the dirty jailer instead handed it over to the head of the prison.
Originally, everyone thought that this Jin Sheng sigh would complain about himself, complain about the false accusations he had suffered, justify his grievances, or curse the world and slander the government, so he opened the content seriously and seriously.
Who knows the content, people almost cry and laugh, but see the above written: "The word pays the eldest child to see: salt vegetables and soybeans are eaten together, and there is a great taste of walnuts." I have no regrets about this Fa being passed on! ”
This also seems to be the greatest irony of bureaucracy and royal law.
Jin Shengsi, who had been laughing and cursing all his life to express his extraordinary thoughts, clearly foresaw that the jailer would hand over the letter to his superiors, carefully read and examine the letter of a death row prisoner, and found the guilt from it, so he designed a ridiculous content, "dangling" these people's lives of the rulers, and made a joke of Jin Sheng sigh.
It is said that Jin Shengsi's behavior throughout his life is so lethal, his demeanor and speech are often unexpected, he is completely different from the world, and before he dies, he can still humorously turn to power and to those bureaucrats who give obscenity to the common people, in his own way, to satirize, to taste the taste of being teased, so free, can not help but make posterity feel uneasy about the fate of Jin Shengsi.
Unconsciously, the snow outside the window stopped, and a pot of old wine was warmed, and I couldn't help but think: In this era of being serious everywhere, Jin Shengsi told us that the real life does not need to be serious.
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