In the past years, almost all over the world had the crime of "exile", the prisoners who did not die were escorted to desolate and remote places or far away from the countryside for punishment, so as to maintain the ruling order of society, and those exiled prisoners often ended up very miserable, there are many literati doctors who committed this crime because of the water and soil disobedience on the road, for example, the Ming Dynasty's prime minister Song Lian, who has already sued the old man, was involved in the Hu Weiyong case and was exiled to Maozhou. As a result, the 72-year-old Song Lian soon fell ill and died.
In the Qing Dynasty, exile has become a nightmare in the eyes of the people of the world, and many guilty people have been escorted to Ninggu Pagoda in the northeast of the Qing Dynasty and lived a hellish life, so let's walk into the largest concentration camp of the Qing Dynasty!
After the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the customs, began to establish a nationwide regime of up to 268 years, but as a foreign nation, the society was still turbulent, in order to maintain its own rule, the Qing court began to vigorously promote the text prison, from some intellectuals written articles or poems to extract words and sentences, and then weave into charges, to achieve the purpose of deterrence, during the Qianlong Emperor years, the text prison reached its peak, a large number of criminals were sent to Ninggu pagoda in Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang.
How cruel is the exile of Ninguta? The prisoners were subjected to inhuman torture. According to the Qing Dynasty's "Miscellaneous Records of Yantang Observations and Miscellaneous", Ninggu Pagoda is almost not a human world, there is no convenient passage to Ninggu Pagoda, the trek is difficult, and many people are eaten by tigers who jump out of the road in the middle of the road.
When you arrive at the camp, what do you eat? Naturally, arable land and houses will be allocated, but as mentioned before, most of the exiled intellectuals are intellectuals without the power of chickens, and some are still old people over sixty years old, how much land can they cultivate? Therefore, many people have been able to take only the little relief provided by the government for a long time and are in a state of hunger. Due to the remote environment and the extreme scarcity of materials, bedding, oil and salt and other substances can only be transported in for a long time, and for these displaced people who lack food and clothing, the punishment for exile in Ninguta is second only to the death penalty.
In winter, the local temperature in Ninguta is only minus forty degrees, "rarely visited, out of the Cyprus to cross the Turbulence River, across the Dome Ridge, ten thousand trees lined up, can not see the sky." Rocks break the ice, and the roots of the old trees are intertwined, not subject to the hooves of horses. The wind blows wildly, the snowflakes are like palms, the birds and monsters, the bushes cry in the forest, and the walkers rise up and down, or freeze on horseback. "The number of people who froze to death was innumerable.
Including Zheng Chenggong's father Zheng Zhilong, the famous critic Jin Shengsi, the family of the thinker Lü Liuliang, Han Ke, the literati Zhang Jinyan, etc., all spent their old age in Ningguta, but it was also the arrival of a group of exiles, the Ningguta area was also developed and improved, and in the last years of the Qing Dynasty, many residents spontaneously came to Guanwai to escape the war and seek a life. With the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the exile of Ninguta became history.