Men must break into the world, especially men who are not well mixed in their hometowns, they must go out and break in, this is the truth. This is true of men, and it is true of a people. In the history of China, there are four ethnic groups that have a great "breakthrough power" to break through the world, and the world they have broken into is the same place: Central Asia and India, and they have all established empires in India. These four ethnic groups were: the Dayue people, the Dada people, the Turkic people, and the Mongols after the Ming Dynasty.
(Guishuang Army)
First, the Great Moon clan, who were beaten away by the Xiongnu, entered Central Asia and India and established the Kushan Empire
As we all know, before attacking the Xiongnu, Emperor Liu Che of the Western Han Dynasty once sent Zhang Qian to the western region to contact an ethnic minority west of the Xiongnu, the Great Moon Clan, in order to seek the opportunity to attack the Xiongnu from east to west. However, when Zhang Qian arrived at the Great Moon Clan, the Great Moon Clan had no intention of attacking the Xiongnu, they were usually scared by the Huns, and they only wanted to continue to move west, and then they did not know where to go.
Therefore, since we were young, we have an impression of the Ōtsuki clan as a nation, that is, "a nation that was feared by the Huns" and was very timid. However, the truth is not like this, the Great Moon Clan was once a fierce enemy of the Xiongnu, the two were evenly matched, you can't destroy me, I can't destroy you, it's not what we think of being scared by the Xiongnu. One reason why they wanted to stay away from the western region and could not destroy the Huns was to avoid it; the more important reason was that they saw a new opportunity, that is, to go west and further south, and maybe they could make a lot of difference.
Head west and you're in Central Asia.
In 45 AD, the Ōtsuki established the Kushan Dynasty in Central Asia and began to expand eastward and southward, and by about 65 AD, the Kushan Dynasty had become a veritable Kushan Empire.
In 104 AD, the powerful Yan Jiaozhen became the emperor of the Guishang Empire and pursued a policy of continued expansion. He saw a rebellion in India and took the opportunity to attack India, and in a conquest, he controlled the entire Indus Valley, including part of the upper Ganges. At this point, the Ōtsuki people established a huge Kushan Empire that spanned Central and South Asia.
The Kushan Empire existed for a total of 345 years. In the 3rd century AD, Sassanid Persia arose, and it fought endlessly with Guishuang, and Guishuang's strength weakened. In the 4th century AD, the Gupta Empire of India rose up and attacked the Kushan Emperor from the south, and the Kushan Emperor gradually declined, withdrew from South Asia, and collapsed.
(Guishuang Cavalry)
Second, the Pygmy people who were bullied by the Rouran people entered Central Asia and India to establish the "Plutonium Empire"
They live in the area from the Altai Mountains to the Tianshan Mountains, because they call themselves Huns, so many people regard them as a branch of the White Huns. In fact, the Pygmy people began to be very weak and have been ruled by the powerful Rouran people in the north of our country. Later, they really couldn't stand the rule of the Ruoran people, and the rebellion was not an opponent, so they had to move all the way to the west, and this migration went to Central Asia.
The Peda people entered Central Asia like a tiger descending the mountain, occupying a large amount of Central Asian land such as Kashmir and Kabul, and establishing the Pygmy State. The kingdom repeatedly defeated the mighty Persian Empire and became a central Asian power. In the middle of the 5th century, the Data began to march into India, but was resisted by the heroic resistance of the Indian Gupta Dynasty Segandra Gupta, and it was difficult to enter for a while.
The pouts were not in a hurry, and they first put down the Gupta dynasty in India and went back to fight the Persian Empire. After repelling the Persians and solving the worries of the Persian Empire, he attacked India again at the end of the 5th century and finally succeeded in capturing a large area of land in northwest India.
The Pyuta were very unfriendly in India, killing Buddhists and robbing Indian wealth. As a nomadic people, they are not willing to give up the nomadic way of life and are unwilling to settle in India for a long time, so they stay in India mainly for two words: plunder. They plundered almost all of northern India and thus lived a very rich and extravagant life.
Later, during the time of The Pout king Michiragula, the Indians could not bear it, rebelled en masse, and finally defeated Misiragula, who fled and died in Kashmir. At this time, the external environment of the Pata kingdom also became harsh, and the fierce enemy Persians united with the Turks to attack the Pian Da state, and in 565 the Pian Da people were crippled and withdrew from the stage of history.
(Hindu Pout)
The Turks, who had been driven out by the Tang Dynasty, entered Central Asia and India to establish the Ghurid Empire and the Delhi Sultanate
The Turks lived in the Mongolian plateau and Central Asia, and were very powerful in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, as well as in the Sui and Tang dynasties. However, the Turks were not opponents of the Tang Dynasty after all, and in 630 Jieli Khan was captured and the Eastern Turks died; in 657, the Western Turks were also destroyed by the Tang. However, the Turkic remnants still existed, and later established the "Post-Turkic Kingdom", which was destroyed by the Combined Forces of the Tang and the Uighurs. It can be said that with the existence of the Tang Dynasty, the Turks really could not turn the waves. They can only go out and break into the world.
More than four hundred years later, in 1148 AD, the Southward Turks established the Gur Dynasty in Afghanistan and northern India. After the Battle of Tarrain, the Gur dynasty conquered India and exercised rule over most of India, completing a magnificent turnaround.
In 1206, Emperor Muhammad of Gul was assassinated and replaced by his subordinate Kutbudin as Emperor. Originally a Turkic slave, Kutbuddin became his right-hand man because of Muhammad's appreciation, and after receiving the throne, Kutbuddin moved the capital to Delhi and established the famous Delhi Sultanate. The Delhi Sultanate existed for 320 years, with 5 dynasties before and after, and was replaced by the Mughals in 1526.
Descendants of the Mongols who were driven out by the Ming Dynasty entered India and established the Mughal Empire
To find out the lineage of the Mughal rulers, we must first understand the Timurid Empire.
The Timurid Empire was founded in 1370 in what is now Central Asia and West Asia, the founder of the empire was called Timur, Timur's ancestors are said to be of the same ethnic group as Genghis Khan, and later he married the daughter of Genghis Khan's descendant, the Black Fireman, as a concubine, and people increasingly regarded the Timurid Empire he established as an orthodox dynasty.
When the Timurid Empire was established, the Yuan Dynasty established by the Mongols in China had been overthrown for 2 years, and Zhu Yuanzhang expelled the Mongols to the north and established the Ming Dynasty. Determined to restore Mongol rule in China, Timur conquered vast areas of Central and Western Asia and then made up his mind to conquer the Ming Dynasty, only to die on the way to conquest. After Timur's death, his descendants fought for the throne and weakened the empire, which was replaced by the Uzbeks in 1507.
Tamerlane's fifth grandson, Babur, was a powerful character, and he fled all the way south to India, where he founded the Mughal Empire in 1526.
(Mughal cavalry)
The Mughal Empire lasted for 332 years, and its heyday encompassed almost the entire South Asian subcontinent and Afghanistan. During the time of the third emperor Akbar, the Mughal Empire entered its heyday; by the time of the fifth emperor Shah Jahan, the Mughal Empire was the most powerful; by the time of the sixth emperor Aurangzeb, it was in decline. After that, Britain, France, the Netherlands, Portugal and other countries competed for colonies in India, and finally Britain won the victory, and India became a British colony.