So when you talk about the talented women of the Song Dynasty, who do you think of? Reading this, many friends may say, except for Li Qingzhao, we don't know much about others.
This is true, as China's first female "Jiumengzi", no, it is the first talented woman Li Qingzhao, which must be impressive. But is Libai the one who hits wherever everyone points to? That's not the designation, today we're going to talk about the talented girl Wei in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Wei Wancai is not a female classmate without a story, she is from a good background, she is a young lady of a local family in Xiangyang, and her grandfather should have been a taishou, because her younger brother called his grandmother "Mrs. Taishou of Jiqing County" in his works.
She also has a well-read "mixed" younger brother named Wei Tai, and Libai has also written his small essays before,
In fact, compared with the previous dynasties, the status of women in the Song Dynasty has improved a lot, although the divorce still has to obtain the consent of the elders of both parties, but at least the woman can take away the dowry, but you and I both know that it is still very difficult to operate in practice.
The example is Li Qingzhao, who sued her second husband for divorce, and went to prison first, so women in the feudal era were miserable! Therefore, there are not many talented women in the Song Dynasty who have names and surnames in history, and there are even fewer female lyricists, Wei Wan, Li Qingzhao, and Zhu Shuzhen (in chronological order) are known as the three major female lyricists of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Since Zhu Shuzhen is mentioned, here is a crooked building to say a mouth, when the Lantern Festival says poetry, we are always willing to say, "The moon is on the willow tops, people are about after dusk", the author of this poem has always been suspicious, some people say that it is Ouyang Xiu, and there is also a saying that it is Zhu Shuzhen.
In ancient times, many scholars said that it could not be Zhu Shuzhen, because if it was her, it would prove that this girl went to meet her lover during the Lantern Festival, which was not "right" in the enlightened Song Dynasty at that time, so many people denied this view.
Friends can re-read this song "Shengchazi Yuanxi",
Okay, the topic is a bit far, let's come back, although there are the three major female lyricists in the Northern Song Dynasty, but the only ones who were recognized as talented at that time were Li Qingzhao and Wei Play, Wei Play is also called Mrs. Wei, let's decrypt this for you later.
- Now let's take a look at how the Confucians at that time praised Wei Play?
Let's look at a dynasty first, the Southern Song Dynasty is also the Song Dynasty, and Zhu Xi, a master of science in the Southern Song Dynasty, said:
- Let's take a look at what the people of the future have to say?
Shen Xiong, a lyricist in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, quoted Huang Yulin in his "Words on the Commentary Paper" of "Ancient and Modern Words",
This evaluation is really high, "beautiful", Qin Qi and Huang Jiu here are students of Su Shi, Qin Guan and Huang Tingjian, one of the "Four Sons of Sumen", just kidding, which of these two people alone is also talented, Huang Tingjian can write poetry at the age of eight, and he is Libai's favorite lyricist.
Shen Xiong and Huang Yulin were able to comment on Wei Wan and Li Qingzhao like this, which shows how charming the two words are~
Wei Wan's words are the same as Li Qingzhao's, they are all graceful, and there are more than a dozen songs in existence, and most of the content is the boudoir words of missing her husband.
- Here, speaking of which, let's answer the questions left above, so why is Wei Wan called Mrs. Wei?
Wei Play is called Mrs. Wei because her husband Zeng Bu was the prime minister.
There are not many people who say that Zeng Bu may be familiar with him, but when it comes to Zeng Gong, everyone still knows that one of the great writers of the Tang and Song dynasties, yes, Zeng Bu is Zeng Gong's younger brother.
In that year, the two brothers Zeng Gong and Zeng Bu and Su Shi and Su Zhe were the same Jinshi, in addition, Zeng Bu's half-brother Zeng Zhao also won the Jinshi, for which Wei Play also mentioned a couplet "Golden Horse and Three Bachelors, Zhu Wan is relative to the two princes".
Okay, the topic is a little farther, let's continue to pull back.
Wei Play and Zeng Bu, a talented man with a beautiful woman, this is simply a top match for love in ancient times.
The fact is that Wei Wan and Zeng Bu were indeed Qin Se and Ming in the first few years of their marriage, and they were very harmonious.
However, at that time, Wang Anshi's reform of the law in the middle of the court was in an uproar, Zeng Bu went from supporting the reform to questioning the change, and people also "switched" back and forth between the capital and being demoted out of the capital, which lasted for 20 years.
At the time of Song Zhenzong, there was a law in the imperial court,
It probably means that you are not allowed to take your family to work, and we don't know what this regulation is for, and it is somewhat unreasonable to break up other couples.
I don't know if this regulation has changed in the period of Song Renzong, Song Yingzong, and Shenzong, but judging from the surviving poems of Wei Wan, there should be none.
There is no harm if there is no comparison, let's first take a look at the poem "Bodhisattva Man, Red Mansion Leaning on Lianxi Song" written by Wei Wan and her husband in the young couple life when they are still in the "hot love" period.
The Red Mansion reclines on the river. The stream in front of the building condenses the cold jade. Rippling magnolia boat. The man in the boat is a teenager.
The lotus flower is coquettish. Laugh into the Mandarin Duck Pool. The smoke is low on the waves. Lingge returns under the moon.
It's a young man in the boat, and it's a lotus flower, and we all feel the affection between the little couple who only envy the mandarin duck but not the fairy across the screen.
Everyone remembers the feelings at the moment, and then watch a song "Bodhisattva Man, Brooks and Mountains Cover the Sun".
The streams and mountains cover the sunset. The shadow of the tower moved the mandarin ducks. Two or three on the other side. Red apricot blossoms out of the wall.
Lower road under the green poplar embankment. Go to the stream in the morning and evening. Three see Liu Mianfei. I still haven't returned.
This Sui also saw "the shadow of the building moving the mandarin ducks", but it was "three times seeing Liu Mianfei" and had not yet returned. Leaving people, this should mean that her husband Zeng Bu has not come back, and the deep resentment has arisen.
In this way, in the past 20 years, Mrs. Wei hated her husband Zeng Bu for "it is easy to see Lang and difficult to see Lang", and she was "haggard and beautiful, and she felt that her clothes were wide", and then she thought that her husband "must return early", in just a few lines of poetry, the image of a haggard "resentful woman" who has not seen her husband for a long time jumped on the paper, but she was unwilling to be a husband, so she said the emotion of "Hugh the concubine by mistake and be idle in a spring".
It's a pity that Zeng Bu still hurt the heart of Wei Wan, a young man who accompanied him, Yu Zhiqin Se and Ming's wife, and he derailed mentally and physically.
- Many friends may say that it is not normal for a man to have three wives and four concubines in the feudal era?
is not normal and does not discuss, in addition to Zeng Bu, who hurt Wei Play's heart, there is also an adopted daughter who is committed to him because of his admiration for Zeng Bu,
So, it's really ironic and sad。。。。。。
After that, the story of Wei Play has not been told, but what we do know is that she died before Zeng Bu, and we have no way of knowing the reason for this.
We should be glad that although most of the poems left by Wei Play are boudoir words,
Wei Wan's graceful boudoir words are also of epochal significance, she was born early Li Qingzhao, her husband Jun Zeng Bu and Su Shi are the same family, and Li Qingzhao's father Li Gefei is Su Shi's student, and it is not an exaggeration to say that she is the first female lyricist recorded in the Song Dynasty.
Since Wei Wan began to recite the world, there were female lyricists, and they began to speak for women's talents, telling women's feelings about love, family life and resentment from women's unique perspectives and emotional feelings, which injected new highlights and strength into the poetry of the Northern Song Dynasty.
That's all for today's sharing, what do you think about Wei Play and the female lyricists of the Song Dynasty? Leave a message in the comment area, and look forward to everyone's comments.
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