Original link: Detailed explanation of the netstat command on domestic operating systems | UnionTech | Kirin | Zhongke Fangde
Hello, everyone! Today I will bring you a detailed article on using the netstat command on a domestic operating system. Netstat is an abbreviation for Network Statistics, which is a command-line tool that displays network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, spoofed connections, and multicast members. The netstat command is very useful and helps us to monitor and manage the network connection. This article will introduce the usage of the netstat command and its common options in detail. Welcome everyone to share and forward, click to follow and watch!
What is netstat?
The netstat command is used to display various network-related information, such as network connections, route tables, and interface statistics. It is very useful in network management and troubleshooting, and can help us understand the network status of the system.
Install netstat
On some domestic operating systems, netstat may not be installed by default. The netstat command can be obtained by installing the net-tools package.
On Debian/Ubuntu-based systems (e.g. UnionTech UOS, Kirin KOS)
sudo apt update
sudo apt install net-tools
On Red Hat/CentOS-based systems (e.g. Zhongke Fangde)
sudo yum install net-tools
1. Check the system information
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ cat /etc/os-version
[Version]
SystemName=UOS Desktop
SystemName[zh_CN]=统信桌面操作系统
ProductType=Desktop
ProductType[zh_CN]=桌面
EditionName=Professional
EditionName[zh_CN]=专业版
MajorVersion=20
MinorVersion=1070
OsBuild=11013.100.100
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ uname -a
Linux pdsyw-PC 4.19.0-loongson-3-desktop #7016 SMP Fri Apr 12 12:11:32 CST 2024 loongarch64 GNU/Linux
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$
2. Check the CPU information
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ lscpu
Architecture: loongarch64
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 8
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 4
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
CPU family: Loongson-64bit
Model name: Loongson-3A6000
BogoMIPS: 5000.00
L1d cache: 256 cubic
L1i cache: 256 KiB
L2 cache: 1 MiB
L3 cache: 16 MiB
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-7
Flags: cpucfg lam ual fpu lsx lasx crc32 lvz lbt_x86 lbt_arm lbt_mips
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$
3. Display the network connection
-a: Displays all connections, including listening and non-listening TCP and UDP connections.
-n: displays the address and port number in numeric form (hostnames and service names are not resolved).
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ netstat -an
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:45683 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:16308 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:16090 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
-t: Only TCP connections are displayed.
-u: Only UDP connections are displayed.
-n: displays the address and port number in numeric form (hostnames and service names are not resolved).
-p: Displays the process ID and process name to which each connection belongs (superuser privileges required).
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo netstat -tupn
Active Internet connections (w/o servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 25 0 192.168.0.178:44806 120.131.13.116:443 CLOSE_WAIT 4093/wps
4. Display the routing table
-r: displays the kernel routing table.
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ netstat -r
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
default _gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$
5. Display network interface information
-i: Displays a list of network interfaces and their status.
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ netstat -i
Kernel Interface table
Iface MTU RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
enp2s0 1500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BMU
eth0 1500 53397 0 0 0 34168 0 0 0 BMRU
in 65536 8 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 l
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$
-i: Displays a list of network interfaces and their status.
-e: Expands the display of interface information, including the number of bytes transferred and the number of errors.
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ netstat -ie
Kernel Interface table
enp2s0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 00:26:c8:90:33:e5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
6. Display network statistics
-s: displays statistics about network protocols, such as TCP, UDP, ICMP, etc.
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ netstat -s
Ip:
Forwarding: 2
53883 total packets received
3 with invalid addresses
0 forwarded
0 incoming packets discarded
53880 incoming packets delivered
34496 requests sent out
50 dropped because of missing route
7. Display multicast group member information
-g: displays all multicast groups and their members.
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ netstat -g
IPv6/IPv4 Group Memberships
Interface RefCnt Group
--------------- ------ ---------------------
The 1st all-systems.mcast.net
ENP2S0 1 all-systems.mcast.net
eth0 1 all-systems.mcast.net
lo 1 ip6-allnodes
lo 1 ff01::1
enp2s0 1 ip6-allnodes
enp2s0 1 ff01::1
eth0 1 ff02::1:ff99:fb41
eth0 1 ip6-allnodes
eth0 1 ff01::1
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$
8. Show statistics for TCP and UDP protocols
-s: displays statistics about network protocols, such as TCP, UDP, ICMP, etc.
-t: displays statistics about the TCP protocol.
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ netstat -st
IcmpMsg:
OutType3: 1
Tcp:
400 active connection openings
0 passive connection openings
4 failed connection attempts
4 connection resets received
3 connections established
54049 segments received
35810 segments sent out
108 segments retransmitted
0 bad segments received
99 resets sent
-s: displays statistics about network protocols, such as TCP, UDP, ICMP, etc.
-u: displays statistics about the UDP protocol.
pdsyw@pdsyw-PC:~/Desktop$ netstat -su
IcmpMsg:
OutType3: 1
Udp:
485 packets received
1 packets to unknown port received
0 packet receive errors
494 packets sent
0 receive buffer errors
0 send buffer errors
IgnoredMulti: 2
Through the introduction of this article, you should have learned how to use the 'netstat' command to monitor and manage network connections on domestic operating systems. 'netstat' is a very powerful network tool that can help you understand the network status of your system, diagnose network problems, and improve the efficiency of network management. If you find this article useful, please share and retweet. At the same time, don't forget to follow and watch, so that you can get more practical technical information and solutions in the future. Thank you all for reading and we'll see you next time!