This summer, Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities' original campus stage work "Lights" continued to be staged. The play is based on the story of "the prefect adds lamp oil", telling the story of Zhang Qiang, the father of Zhang Zhidong, a famous minister in the late Qing Dynasty, who served as the prefect of Xingyi Mansion for 14 years.
A hundred years have passed, and today's Anlong has spread the story of Zhang Qiang's persuasion of "adding lamp oil to the prefect": during the Daoguang period, every night when the shift was handed over, there were two errand officers who walked out of the prefect's yamen, one carrying a lantern and the other picking a tung oil basket, and when he saw which family was lit up and there was the sound of reading, the errand would stop and sing: "Lord Futai will add oil to the minister!" After the scholar answered the door, the servant scooped out the clear tung oil from the oil basket, poured it into the reader's lamp, and added: "Lord Futai wishes the prime minister to take fame as soon as possible." ”
Anlong Zhaodi.
Zhang Qiang entered Guizhou
The 270-kilometer drive from Guiyang to Anlong County, Qianxinan Prefecture, is a high-speed and beautiful scenery along the way.
Located in the west side of the north section of Yangliu Street in Xin'an Town, Zhaodi is a beautiful scenery in Anlong County, in the middle of summer, the green lotus here is luxuriant, the weeping willows are still around, and the scenery is pleasant.
On the square in the center of Zhaodi, the statue of Zhang Zhidong, one of the four famous ministers of Zhongxing in the Qing Dynasty, stands here, and when he was a child, Zhang Zhidong lived here with his father Zhang Qiang.
According to the records of Guizhou Provincial People, Zhang Qiang was a native of Nanpi in Zhili (now Hebei) in the Qing Dynasty, raised in the eighteenth year of Jiaqing (1813), and in the sixth year of Daoguang (1826), Zhang Qiang entered Guizhou with a big challenge.
The so-called "big pick", that is, during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, the three subjects were not selected by the officials according to their appearance, and the intention was to recommend the scholars from the three disciplines as officials. His nephew Zhang Zhiqing recorded in the "Records of Zhang Qiang's Travels" that Zhang Qiang "has a great torso, and his spirit is heroic". As a result, Zhang Qiang was given the opportunity to become a leader.
For Zhang Qi, who has repeatedly failed in the rankings, although the road to Guizhou is long and life and death are unpredictable, he cherishes this opportunity very much. In the sixth year of Daoguang, Zhang Qiang supplemented the magistrate of Anhua County (now Dejiang County) in Guizhou, and then transferred to Guizhu County (now Guiyang) magistrate of Guiyang Prefecture, and later moved to the Guzhou Hall of Liping Prefecture (now Rongjiang County) Tongzhi. In the twenty-first year of Daoguang (1841), Zhang Qiang was appointed as the prefect of Xingyi Mansion and came to Anlong as an official. ”
When Zhang Qiang served as the prefect of Xingyi, he played the twists and turns of the imperial court. (China's First Historical Archives Collection)
"Zhang Qiang was honest and honest in office, diligent in political affairs, educated and educated, and made great achievements." Tang Baohua, director of the service center of the Anlong County Patriotism Education Base, is a local scholar of literature and history, and in his office, the research materials related to the history of the Ming and Qing dynasties are piled up.
Tang Baohua told reporters that since Zhang Qiang became an official in Guizhou, he has not left Guizhou for 30 years, and nearly half of his time has been spent in Xingyi Mansion. During his tenure, he cultivated the Anlong scenic spot Zhaodi, repaired the "Ming Eighteen Gentlemen" shrine, and opened up the post road from Fucheng to Guangxi, and made outstanding political achievements. The "Xingyi Mansion Chronicles" compiled by him was included in the "Academic History of China in the Past 300 Years" by Liang Qichao, and called it an excellent famous chronicle that was "carefully compiled or discussed by famous Confucians".
Promote education and educate people
Not far from Zhaodi, is the Xingyi Mansion Trial Courtyard that has been renovated many times, here is simple and elegant, there are still many relics of the Qing Dynasty.
In the twenty-first year of Daoguang (1841), the prefect Zhang Qiang thought that the test institute was remote and simple, so he spent more than 30,800 taels of silver to build a new test house in the city (the current site). During the reign of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty, the test hospital was destroyed by fire. It was rebuilt in the fifteenth year of Guangxu (1889). In the past, there were buildings such as Yuanmen, Notice, Wanshou Palace, Dispatch Office, Xuegong, Kuixing Building, Lobby, Second Hall, Naxu Pavilion, Chenghuai Building, Guanhai Building, Tianxiang Pavilion, Zhiguixuan and other buildings, with 209 large and small houses. The scale of the trial hospital is large, and it is known as "the first in the world".
When Zhang Zhidong was a teenager, he studied here. After a successful academic, he wrote "The Story of the Mid-Mountain Pavilion" to show his talent when he was a teenager.
Zhang Chung attaches great importance to the development of education and education, extremely affectionate and positive young students, sparing no expense to hire famous teachers to teach at the Mafeng Academy, in addition to listening to the government, he often goes to the college to talk with students about learning and art, and personally reviews the students' course papers, encouraging all students to learn from each other in the cultivation of morality, conduct, or in the study of the profession, should learn from each other's strengths, make up for their own shortcomings.
In order to promote education in Xingyi Mansion, Zhang Qiang did two things for An Long that are still talked about today. First, the collection of books in the Weifeng Academy is very small, and Zhang Qiang donated more than 1,000 books he brought with him, and on the other hand, he donated and raised funds to send people to Guiyang, Chengdu, Guangzhou and other places to buy back a batch of books, so that the knowledge of the students of Guangzhou University was expanded and their thirst for knowledge was satisfied.
In the unremitting efforts of Zhang Qiang, Xingyi Mansion has a great style of study, more than 10 years, more than 20 people have been examined, 2 Jinshi, more than 40 people have been selected from various tribute students, and the more well-known Jing Qijun, who has officials to the cabinet bachelors, poet Zhang Guohua, and Gui Tianyi, the head of the academy, are called "unprecedented" by the people.
Mid-levels Pavilion.
Tell the story
Another thing is the story of "the prefect adds lamp oil" that has been widely circulated in Anlong to this day. After Zhang Qiang took office as the prefect of Xingyi, in order to encourage the students to study diligently, he sent a messenger to bring lamp oil to add lamp oil to the students as encouragement.
"The story of the prefect's addition of lamp oil has not been recorded in historical sources." Wang Shufang, director of the Qianxinan Prefecture History Office, believes that compared with the revision of the Zhi, the financing of the establishment of the government and the establishment of the examination institute, and the solution of a series of major issues such as running schools, examinations, and repairing guarantees, the "three more oils" are just a matter of the husband's incident, even if it is very novel at the beginning, it will become ordinary after a long time, and the local historical records have not been written here, so there is no written record found in the manuscripts of the "Xingyi Fuzhi" and related personnel.
Stone statue of Zhangzhidong.
Despite this, the story of Zhang Qiang's prefect's addition of lamp oil was passed down by the common people, and Feng Jinglin, the late drama worker of Anlong, once wrote the Guizhou opera drama "The Prefect Adds Lamp Oil" based on this story, which was included in the "Blue Blood Dragon City" compiled by him in 2010.
Located in Anlong County, Zhaodi Lake, the gongs and drums in the cheering academy are noisy, a play to the late Qing Dynasty minister Zhang Zhidong's father Zhang Qiang as the protagonist of the story of the Guizhou drama "Prefect Adds Lamp Oil", often staged here, the play vividly tells the story of Zhang Qiang as the prefect of Xingyi for more than 10 years, revitalizing education and running schools, adding lights and cheers for night students, and educating talents for the country.
To this day, the story of Zhang Zhidong and his father Zhang Qiang is still talked about in Qianxinan Prefecture.
Planning / Zhou Libing, Huang Wei
Text/Guizhou Daily Tianyan News reporter Zhao Xiangkang
Editor/Liu Lichao
Second Instance/Yao Man
Third Trial/Huang Wei