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ORACLE数据库安全漏洞之监听密码设置

    Oracle相关组件安全防范做的可谓真够全面,当然监听程序也有相关的安全设置;默认状态下,用户不需要使用任何密码即通过lsnrctl 工具对Oracle Listener进行操作或关闭,可造成新的会话无法建立连接;Oracle监听器允许利用lsnrctl从远程发起对监听器的管理,也容易导致数据库受到损坏。另外,ORACLE数据库监听器的管理9i与10g和11g还有点区别,9i数据库通过lsnrctl设置密码就会过滤系统认证,而10g和11g监听lsnrctl设置密码后不会自动生效,需要取消操作系统认证方能使监听密码设置生效。

   这里特别提示11G监听密码设置

1、在ORACLE用户下,shell里输入lsnrctl回车可进入监听程序管理控制台

[oracle@orcl11g admin]$ lsnrctl

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 08-JUL-2015 15:33:57

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.

LSNRCTL> 

2、在监听管理控制台输入help可以查看监听管理命令

LSNRCTL> help

The following operations are available

An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:

start               stop                status              

services            version             reload              

save_config         trace               spawn               

change_password     quit                exit                

set*                show*  

3、监听未设置密码时oracle会话可使用lsnrctl启停监听程序(这也是监听程序的风险),启停监听

[oracle@orcl11g admin]$ lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 08-JUL-2015 15:38:13

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orcl11g)(PORT=1521)))

The command completed successfully

[oracle@orcl11g admin]$ 

[oracle@orcl11g admin]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 08-JUL-2015 15:39:50

Starting /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

System parameter file is /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to /oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/orcl11g/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=orcl11g)(PORT=1521)))

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

Start Date                08-JUL-2015 15:39:50

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Password or Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/orcl11g/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=orcl11g)(PORT=1521)))

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

The listener supports no services

[oracle@orcl11g admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 08-JUL-2015 15:39:54

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 3 sec

4、这里使用lsnrctl管理工具为Oracle数据库监听设置密码

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 08-JUL-2015 15:41:35

set*                show*               

LSNRCTL> change_password

Old password:<如果监听设置过密码则输入旧密码> 

New password: <输入新密码>

Reenter new password: <输入新密码确认>

Password changed for LISTENER

LSNRCTL> set password #设置控制台密码

Password: 

LSNRCTL> save_config #保存配置

Saved LISTENER configuration parameters.

Old Parameter File   /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db/network/admin/listener.bak

5、测试密码安全设置是否生效(注意:需要reload或重启监听)

LSNRCTL> reload

6、验证监听密码设置是否生效(注意:9i版本的是生效的,这里强调的是10g或11g使用了操作系统认证,监听的密码设置不自动生效)

LSNRCTL> stop

LSNRCTL>

可见,虽然监听设置了密码保护,但是由于11g使用了操作系统认证,监听的密码保护策略没有生效

7、在监听listener.ora配置文件中取消操作系统认证

SID_LIST_ORCL11G=

   (SID_LIST=

(SID_DESC=

          (GLOBAL_DBNAME=ORCL11G)

          (SID_NAME=ORCL11G)

          (ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db)

         (PRESPAWN_MAX=20)

 (PRESPAWN_LIST=

           (PRESPAWN_DESC=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(POOL_SIZE=2)(TIMEOUT=1))

         )

        )

       )

LOCAL_OS_AUTHENTICATION_listener=OFF

#----ADDED BY TNSLSNR 08-JUL-2015 14:00:26---

PASSWORDS_LISTENER = FC996BE8FB638140

#--------------(这里就是监听设置了密码的标识了)------------------------------

8、在listener.ora配置取消操作系统认证后重启监听,重新验证监听密码是否生效

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 08-JUL-2015 16:10:18

TNS-01169: The listener has not recognized the password

[oracle@orcl11g admin]$

可见,密码保护已经生效了

9、数据库监听设置了密码保护后,再管理数据库监听就需要通过lsnrctl 管理控制台使用set命令先设置密码了

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 08-JUL-2015 16:12:18

LSNRCTL> set password

LSNRCTL> status

Start Date                08-JUL-2015 16:08:52

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 4 min. 21 sec

Security                  ON: Password

Services Summary...

Service "orcl11g" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "orcl11g", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "orcl11gXDB" has 1 instance(s).

LSNRCTL> start

Start Date                08-JUL-2015 16:13:25

10、重要提示,一旦设置了密码后,需要牢记密码,否则以后管理数据库监听会比较麻烦。