授权码模式定义
通过客户端的后台服务器,与“服务提供商”的认证服务器进行认证。
1、用户访问客户端,后者将前者导向认证服务器。
2、用户选择是否给予客户端授权。
3、假设用户给予授权,认证服务器首先生成一个授权码,并返回给用户,认证服务器将用户导向客户端事先指定的"重定向URI"(redirection URI),同时附上一个授权码。
4、客户端收到授权码,附上早先的"重定向URI",向认证服务器申请令牌。这一步是在客户端的后台的服务器上完成的,对用户不可见。
5、认证服务器核对了授权码和重定向URI,确认无误后,向客户端发送访问令牌(access token)和更新令牌(refresh token)。
6、Client拿着access token去访问Resource资源
授权码模式的工作流程图
图 1 (网上搜到的授权码工作流程图说明)
之前看上边的流程图,看了不下10遍,还是搞不懂,这个图真心画的不好理解!
我们一步步来,AuthorizationServer与ResourceServer还是用之前的项目
新建项目:AuthorizationCodeGrant
HomeController.cs也简单
public ActionResult Index() { ViewBag.AccessToken = Request.Form["AccessToken"] ?? ""; ViewBag.RefreshToken = Request.Form["RefreshToken"] ?? ""; ViewBag.Action = ""; ViewBag.ResourceResponse = ""; var authorizationServerUri = new Uri("http://localhost:8270/"); var authorizationServer = new AuthorizationServerDescription { AuthorizationEndpoint = new Uri(authorizationServerUri, "OAuth/Authorize"), TokenEndpoint = new Uri(authorizationServerUri, "OAuth/Token") }; // 刷新AccessToken var client = new WebServerClient(authorizationServer, "123456", "abcdef"); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ViewBag.AccessToken)) { var authorizationState = client.ProcessUserAuthorization(Request); if (authorizationState != null) { ViewBag.AccessToken = authorizationState.AccessToken; ViewBag.RefreshToken = authorizationState.RefreshToken; ViewBag.Action = Request.Path; } } // 授权申请 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnRequestAuthorize"))) { var grantRequest = client.PrepareRequestUserAuthorization(new[] { "scopes1", "scopes2" }); grantRequest.Send(HttpContext); Response.End(); } // 申请资源 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnRequestResource"))) { var resourceServerUri = new Uri("http://localhost:8001/"); var resourceRequest = new HttpClient(client.CreateAuthorizingHandler(ViewBag.AccessToken)); ViewBag.ResourceResponse = resourceRequest.GetStringAsync(new Uri(resourceServerUri, "api/Values")).Result; } return View(); }
Index.cshtml
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Authorization Code Grant Client</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" action="@ViewBag.Action" method="POST"> <div> <input id="AccessToken" name="AccessToken" value="@ViewBag.AccessToken" type="hidden" /> <input id="Authorize" name="btnRequestAuthorize" value="向认证服务器索要授权" type="submit" /> <input id="Resource" name="btnRequestResource" value="访问资源(Resource)" type="submit" /> </div> <div>@ViewBag.ResourceResponse</div> </form> </body> </html>
运行项目
授权过程
点击“向认证服务索要授权”,根据HomeController.cs文件的设置,页面预计会跳转到"http://localhost:8270/OAuth/Authorize"
所以我们需要在认证服务中新增处理授权码模式的处理逻辑
在项目AuthorizationServer中新增OAuthController.cs、Authorize.cshtml
public class OAuthController : Controller { public ActionResult Authorize() { if (Response.StatusCode != 200) { return View("AuthorizeError"); } var authentication = HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication; var ticket = authentication.AuthenticateAsync("Application").Result; var identity = ticket != null ? ticket.Identity : null; if (identity == null) { authentication.Challenge("Application"); return new HttpUnauthorizedResult(); //用户登录凭证失效就报401错误,并且跳转至AccountController中的Login中 } ViewBag.IdentityName = identity.Name; ViewBag.Scopes = (Request.QueryString.Get("scope") ?? "").Split(' '); if (Request.HttpMethod == "POST") { // 点击btnGrant就确认授权,返回token等信息 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnGrant"))) { identity = new ClaimsIdentity(identity.Claims, "Bearer", identity.NameClaimType, identity.RoleClaimType); foreach (var scope in ViewBag.Scopes) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim("urn:oauth:scope", scope)); } authentication.SignIn(identity); } if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnOtherLogin"))) { authentication.SignOut("Application"); authentication.Challenge("Application"); return new HttpUnauthorizedResult(); } } return View(); } }
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Authorize</title> </head> <body> <h1>认证页面</h1> <form method="POST"> <p>登录用户:@ViewBag.IdentityName</p> <p>第三方应用需要你给他开放以下权限</p> <ul> @foreach (var scope in ViewBag.Scopes) { <li>@scope</li> } </ul> <p> <input type="submit" name="btnGrant" value="确认授权" /> <input type="submit" name="btnOtherLogin" value="以不同用户登录" /> </p> </form> </body> </html>
public class AccountController : Controller { public ActionResult Login() { var authentication = HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication; if (Request.HttpMethod == "POST") { // 默认用户登录成功 // 生产环境需要单独整合第三方登录信息 var username = Request.Form["username"]; authentication.SignIn( new AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = true }, new ClaimsIdentity( new[] { new Claim(ClaimsIdentity.DefaultNameClaimType, username) }, "Application")); } return View(); } public ActionResult Logout() { return View(); } }
运行项目,成功跳转至认证登录页面
点击登录,此时url地址为:
http://localhost:8270/OAuth/Authorize?client_id=123456&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A4825%2F&state=IUKeWFTR1HKi4hlzKOOPgw&scope=scopes1%20scopes2&response_type=code
7.1 client_id为客户端ID,即之前我们在AuthorizationCodeGrant项目设置的clientID
7.2 redirect_uri、state为之前登录时就确定的值
7.3 scope为用户确定授权的范围
7.4 response_type=code,即指定为授权码模式
确认授权
此时url有变化:http://localhost:4825/?code=efab38fc30c741a198b20663ec60869a36c6b25ff21f4c9986bcb9c9ae8d20eb&state=tjB9jXhNiHvIr4Ko9VhEkw
注意:这一步会会默认获取Token
点击访问资源
完全能够对上;
url中的code即认证服务返回的授权码,之后Client请求Token会用这个code来交换
这个就是授权码模式的特色的地方了
自此,整个授权码模式已经完毕了哦
asp.net权限认证系列
- asp.net权限认证:Forms认证
- asp.net权限认证:HTTP基本认证(http basic)
- asp.net权限认证:Windows认证
- asp.net权限认证:摘要认证(digest authentication)
- asp.net权限认证:OWIN实现OAuth 2.0 之客户端模式(Client Credential)
- asp.net权限认证:OWIN实现OAuth 2.0 之密码模式(Resource Owner Password Credential)
- asp.net权限认证:OWIN实现OAuth 2.0 之授权码模式(Authorization Code)
- asp.net权限认证:OWIN实现OAuth 2.0 之简化模式(Implicit)