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开发函数计算的正确姿势——借助 Ghostscript 将 PDF 转换成 JPG

前言

首先介绍下在本文出现的几个比较重要的概念:

函数计算(Function Compute):函数计算是一个事件驱动的服务,通过函数计算,用户无需管理服务器等运行情况,只需编写代码并上传。函数计算准备计算资源,并以弹性伸缩的方式运行用户代码,而用户只需根据实际代码运行所消耗的资源进行付费。函数计算更多信息 参考

Fun:Fun 是一个用于支持 Serverless 应用部署的工具,能帮助您便捷地管理函数计算、API 网关、日志服务等资源。它通过一个资源配置文件(template.yml),协助您进行开发、构建、部署操作。Fun 的更多文档

Ghostscript:Ghostscript 是一套建基于Adobe、PostScript及可移植文档格式(PDF)的页面描述语言等而编译成的自由软件。参见维基百科 词条

备注: 本文介绍的技巧需要 Fun 版本大于等于 3.0.0-beta.7 。

依赖工具

本项目是在 MacOS 下开发的,涉及到的工具是平台无关的,对于 Linux 和 Windows 桌面系统应该也同样适用。在开始本例之前请确保如下工具已经正确的安装,更新到最新版本,并进行正确的配置。

Fun 工具依赖于 docker 来模拟本地环境。

对于 MacOS 用户可以使用

homebrew

进行安装:

brew cask install docker
brew tap vangie/formula
brew install fun           

Windows 和 Linux 用户安装请参考:

  1. https://github.com/aliyun/fun/blob/master/docs/usage/installation.md

安装好后,记得先执行

fun config

初始化一下配置。

注意, 如果你已经安装过了 fun,确保 fun 的版本在 3.0.0-beta.7 以上。

$ fun --version
3.0.0-beta.7           

初始化

使用 fun init 命令可以快捷地将本模板项目初始化到本地。

fun init vangie/ghostscript-example           

安装依赖

$ fun install

Installing recursively on fun.yml

skip pulling image aliyunfc/runtime-python3.6:build-1.6.1...
Task => workaround for update-gsfontmap
     => bash -c  'mkdir -p /code/.fun/root/etc/ghostscript/cidfmap.d/ && mkdir -p /code/.fun/root/etc/ghostscript/fontmap.d/ && mkdir -p /etc/ghostscript/ && mkdir -p /var/lib/ghostscript/ && mkdir -p /code/.fun/root/var/lib/ghostscript/fonts && ln -s /code/.fun/root/etc/ghostscript/cidfmap.d /etc/ghostscript/ && ln -s /code/.fun/root/etc/ghostscript/fontmap.d /etc/ghostscript/ && ln -s /code/.fun/root/var/lib/ghostscript/fonts /var/lib/ghostscript/'
Task => [UNNAMED]
     => apt-get update (if need)
     => apt-get install -y -d -o=dir::cache=/code/.fun/tmp/install ghostscript --reinstall
     => bash -c 
        for f in $(ls /code/.fun/tmp/install/archives/*.deb); do
          dpkg -x $f /code/.fun/root; 
          mkdir -p /code/.fun/tmp/install/deb-control/${f%.*}; 
          dpkg -e $f /code/.fun/tmp/install/deb-control/${f%.*}; 

          if [ -f "/code/.fun/tmp/install/deb-control/${f%.*}/postinst" ]; then 
            FUN_INSTALL_LOCAL=true /code/.fun/tmp/install/deb-control/${f%.*}/postinst configure;
          fi; 
        done;

Creating config file /etc/papersize with new version
     => bash -c 'rm -rf /code/.fun/tmp/install/archives'           

本地调用

$ fun local invoke pdf2jpg
using template: template.yml
skip pulling image aliyunfc/runtime-nodejs10:1.6.1...
FC Invoke Start RequestId: 21d9c646-1db4-403c-b018-cd4246e193d3
load code for handler:index.handler
2019-09-18T09:45:38.400Z 21d9c646-1db4-403c-b018-cd4246e193d3 [verbose] stdout =================== START
2019-09-18T09:45:38.400Z 21d9c646-1db4-403c-b018-cd4246e193d3 [verbose] GPL Ghostscript 9.26 (2018-11-20)
Copyright (C) 2018 Artifex Software, Inc.  All rights reserved.
This software comes with NO WARRANTY: see the file PUBLIC for details.
Processing pages 1 through 1.
Page 1

2019-09-18T09:45:38.401Z 21d9c646-1db4-403c-b018-cd4246e193d3 [verbose] stdout =================== END
FC Invoke End RequestId: 21d9c646-1db4-403c-b018-cd4246e193d3
convert success.
JPG file save to /tmp/test.jpg
2019-09-18T09:45:38.416Z 21d9c646-1db4-403c-b018-cd4246e193d3 [error](node:21) [DEP0005] DeprecationWarning: Buffer() is deprecated due to security and usability issues. Please use the Buffer.alloc(), Buffer.allocUnsafe(), or Buffer.from() methods instead.


RequestId: 21d9c646-1db4-403c-b018-cd4246e193d3          Billed Duration: 2132 ms        Memory Size: 1998 MB    Max Memory Used: 78 MB           

可以查看文件 .fun/tmp/invoke/ghostscript/pdf2jpg/test.jpg ,预留转换后的效果。

部署

$ fun deploy
using template: template.yml
using region: cn-shanghai
using accountId: ***********4733
using accessKeyId: ***********EUz3
using timeout: 60

Waiting for service ghostscript to be deployed...
        Waiting for function pdf2jpg to be deployed...
                Waiting for packaging function pdf2jpg code...
                The function pdf2jpg has been packaged. A total of 1054 files files were compressed and the final size was 23.44 MB
        function pdf2jpg deploy success
service ghostscript deploy success           

执行

$ fun invoke pdf2jpg
fun invoke pdf2jpg
using template: template.yml
========= FC invoke Logs begin =========
FC Invoke Start RequestId: 1411066b-1ad0-4750-922d-2350652ca5a6
load code for handler:index.handler
2019-09-18T09:52:39.802Z 1411066b-1ad0-4750-922d-2350652ca5a6 [verbose] stdout =================== START
2019-09-18T09:52:39.802Z 1411066b-1ad0-4750-922d-2350652ca5a6 [verbose] GPL Ghostscript 9.26 (2018-11-20)
Copyright (C) 2018 Artifex Software, Inc.  All rights reserved.
This software comes with NO WARRANTY: see the file PUBLIC for details.
Processing pages 1 through 1.
Page 1

2019-09-18T09:52:39.802Z 1411066b-1ad0-4750-922d-2350652ca5a6 [verbose] stdout =================== END
FC Invoke End RequestId: 1411066b-1ad0-4750-922d-2350652ca5a6

Duration: 513.34 ms, Billed Duration: 600 ms, Memory Size: 128 MB, Max Memory Used: 56.49 MB
========= FC invoke Logs end =========

FC Invoke Result:
convert success.
JPG file save to /tmp/test.jpg           

参考阅读

  1. 手把手教您将 Ghostscript 移植到函数计算平台