天天看点

java生成解析xml的另外两种方法Xstream

Xstream生成和解析xm和JAXB生成和解析xml的方法。

一,Xstream

Xstream非jdk自带的,需要到入Xstream-1.4.3.jar和xpp3_min-1.1.4.jar

1.Xstream简介; 

使用限制: JDK版本不能<1.5. 

虽然预处理注解是安全的,但自动侦查注解可能发生竞争条件.

特点: 

简化的API; 

无映射文件; 

高性能,低内存占用; 

整洁的XML; 

不需要修改对象;支持内部私有字段,不需要setter/getter方法,final字段;非公有类,内部类;类不需要默认构造器,完全对象图支持.维护对象引用计数,循环引用. i 

提供序列化接口; 

自定义转换类型策略; 

详细的错误诊断; 

快速输出格式;当前支持 JSON 和 morphing. 

使用场景 

Transport 转换 

Persistence 持久化对象 

Configuration 配置 

Unit Tests 单元测

隐式集合 

当我们使用集合类时不想显示集合,只显示里面的元素即可. 

使用隐式集合前: 

<list> 

 <element /> 

使用隐式集合: 

xstream.addImplicitCollection(Person.class, "list"); 

使用隐式集合后: 

 2.Xstream注解常用知识: 

@XStreamAlias("message") 别名注解  

作用目标: 类,字段  

@XStreamImplicit 隐式集合  

@XStreamImplicit(itemFieldName="part")  

作用目标: 集合字段  

@XStreamConverter(SingleValueCalendarConverter.class) 注入转换器  

作用目标: 对象  

@XStreamAsAttribute 转换成属性  

作用目标: 字段  

@XStreamOmitField 忽略字段  

Auto-detect Annotations 自动侦查注解   

xstream.autodetectAnnotations(true);  

自动侦查注解与XStream.processAnnotations(Class[] cls)的区别在于性能.自动侦查注解将缓存所有类的类型.  

3.案例分析: (1)同一标签下多个同名元素; 

                   (2)同一标签下循环多个对象;

[代码]1.实体类:PersonBean     

import java.util.List;
 
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamAlias;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamImplicit;
 
/**
 *@ClassName:PersonBean
 *@author: chenyoulong  Email: [email protected]
 *@date :2012-9-28 下午3:10:47
 *@Description:TODO 
 */
@XStreamAlias("person")
public class PersonBean {
    @XStreamAlias("firstName")
    private String firstName;
    @XStreamAlias("lastName")
    private String lastName;
     
    @XStreamAlias("telphone")
    private PhoneNumber tel;
    @XStreamAlias("faxphone")
    private PhoneNumber fax;
     
    //测试一个标签下有多个同名标签
    @XStreamAlias("friends")
    private Friends friend;
     
    //测试一个标签下循环对象
    @XStreamAlias("pets")
    private Pets pet;
     
     
    //省略setter和getter
}
[代码]2.实体类:PhoneNumber     


@XStreamAlias("phoneNumber")
    public  class PhoneNumber{
        @XStreamAlias("code")
        private int code;
        @XStreamAlias("number")
        private String number;
         
            //省略setter和getter
         
    }
 [代码]3.实体类:Friends(一个标签下有多个同名标签 )     
/**
     * 用Xstream注解的方式实现:一个标签下有多个同名标签 
     *@ClassName:Friends
     *@author: chenyoulong  Email: [email protected]
     *@date :2012-9-28 下午4:32:24
     *@Description:TODO 5个name 中国,美国,俄罗斯,英国,法国
     *http://blog.csdn.net/menhuanxiyou/article/details/5426765
     */
    public static class Friends{
        @XStreamImplicit(itemFieldName="name")   //itemFieldName定义重复字段的名称,
        /*<friends>                               <friends>
            <name>A1</name>                         <String>A1</String>
            <name>A2</name>    如果没有,则会变成    =====>       <String>A1</String>
            <name>A3</name>                         <String>A1</String>
        </friends>                                </friends>
      */
        private List<String> name;
 
        public List<String> getName() {
            return name;
        }
 
        public void setName(List<String> name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    }
 [代码]4.1实体类:Animal(同一标签下循环对象实体1)     

//测试同一标签下循环某一对象
    public  class Animal{
        @XStreamAlias("name")
        private String name;
        @XStreamAlias("age")
        private int age;
        public Animal(String name,int age){
            this.name=name;
            this.age=age;
        }
         
              //省略setter和getter
    }
    
 [代码]4.2实体类:Pets(同一标签下循环对象实体2)     

/**
     * 测试同一标签下循环某一对象
     *@ClassName:Pets
     *@author: chenyoulong  Email: [email protected]
     *@date :2012-9-28 下午6:26:01
     *@Description:TODO
     */
    public class Pets{
        @XStreamImplicit(itemFieldName="pet")
        private List<Animal> animalList;
         
        public List<Animal> getAnimalList() {
            return animalList;
        }
 
        public void setAnimalList(List<Animal> animalList) {
            this.animalList = animalList;
        }
         
    }
[代码]5.main函数示例1:toxml     

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.json.JsonWriter.Format;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.DomDriver;
 
/**
 *@ClassName:PersonTest
 *@author: chenyoulong  
 *@date :2012-9-28 下午3:25:09
 *@Description:TODO 
 */
public class PersonTest {
 
    /** 
     * @Title: main 
     * @Description: TODO 
     * @param args 
     * @return void  
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
         
        PersonBean per=new PersonBean();
        per.setFirstName("chen");
        per.setLastName("youlong");
         
        PhoneNumber tel=new PhoneNumber();
        tel.setCode(137280);
        tel.setNumber("137280968");
         
        PhoneNumber fax=new PhoneNumber();
        fax.setCode(20);
        fax.setNumber("020221327");
        per.setTel(tel);
        per.setFax(fax);
         
         
        //测试一个标签下有多个同名标签
        List<String> friendList=new ArrayList<String>();
        friendList.add("A1");
        friendList.add("A2");
        friendList.add("A3");
        Friends friend1=new Friends();
        friend1.setName(friendList);
        per.setFriend(friend1);
         
        //测试一个标签下循环对象
        Animal dog=new Animal("Dolly",2);
        Animal cat=new Animal("Ketty",2);
        List<Animal> petList=new ArrayList<Animal>();
        petList.add(dog);
        petList.add(cat);
        Pets pet=new Pets();
        pet.setAnimalList(petList);
        per.setPet(pet);
         
                    //java对象转换成xml
        String xml=XmlUtil.toXml(per);
        System.out.println("xml==="+xml);
         
    }
}
 [代码]xml效果图     

xml===<person>
  <firstName>chen</firstName>
  <lastName>youlong</lastName>
  <telphone>
    <code>137280</code>
    <number>137280968</number>
  </telphone>
  <faxphone>
    <code>20</code>
    <number>020221327</number>
  </faxphone>
  <friends>
    <name>A1</name>
    <name>A2</name>
    <name>A3</name>
  </friends>
  <pets>
    <pet>
      <name>doly</name>
      <age>2</age>
    </pet>
    <pet>
      <name>Ketty</name>
      <age>2</age>
    </pet>
  </pets>
</person>
[代码]5.2 main函数示例2:toBean     

public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
         
        //toXml
//      String xmlStr=new PersonTest().toXml();
         
        //toBean
//      PersonBean per=new PersonTest().toBean();
        String xmlStr="<person>"+
                  "<firstName>chen</firstName>"+
                  "<lastName>youlong</lastName>"+
                  "<telphone>"+
                    "<code>137280</code>"+
                    "<number>137280968</number>"+
                  "</telphone>"+
                  "<faxphone>"+
                    "<code>20</code>"+
                    "<number>020221327</number>"+
                  "</faxphone>"+
                  "<friends>"+
                    "<name>A1</name>"+
                    "<name>A2</name>"+
                    "<name>A3</name>"+
                  "</friends>"+
                  "<pets>"+
                    "<pet>"+
                      "<name>doly</name>"+
                      "<age>2</age>"+
                    "</pet>"+
                    "<pet>"+
                      "<name>Ketty</name>"+
                      "<age>2</age>"+
                    "</pet>"+
                  "</pets>"+
                "</person>";
//用泛型的知识
        PersonBean person=XmlUtil.toBean(xmlStr, PersonBean.class);
        System.out.println("person=firstname=="+person.getFirstName());
        System.out.println("person==Friends==name1=="+person.getFriend().getName().get(0));
        System.out.println("person==Pets==name2=="+person.getPet().getAnimalList().get(1).getName());
 
/*
//效果与以下方法类同,(以下代码较为直观)
XStream xstream=new XStream(new DomDriver()); //注意:不是new Xstream(); 否则报错:
 
        xstream.processAnnotations(PersonBean.class);
        PersonBean person=(PersonBean)xstream.fromXML(xmlStr);
        System.out.println("person=firstname=="+person.getFirstName());
        System.out.println("person==Friends==name1=="+person.getFriend().getName().get(0));
        System.out.println("person==Pets==name=="+person.getPet().getAnimalList().get(1).getName());
*/
 
         
    }
 [代码]6.XmlUtil工具类(toxml()和toBean())  
/**
     * 输出xml和解析xml的工具类
     *@ClassName:XmlUtil
     *@author: chenyoulong  Email: [email protected]
     *@date :2012-9-29 上午9:51:28
     *@Description:TODO
     */
    public class XmlUtil{
        /**
         * java 转换成xml
         * @Title: toXml 
         * @Description: TODO 
         * @param obj 对象实例
         * @return String xml字符串
         */
        public static String toXml(Object obj){
            XStream xstream=new XStream();
//          XStream xstream=new XStream(new DomDriver()); //直接用jaxp dom来解释
//          XStream xstream=new XStream(new DomDriver("utf-8")); //指定编码解析器,直接用jaxp dom来解释
             
            ////如果没有这句,xml中的根元素会是<包.类名>;或者说:注解根本就没生效,所以的元素名就是类的属性
            xstream.processAnnotations(obj.getClass()); //通过注解方式的,一定要有这句话
            return xstream.toXML(obj);
        }
         
        /**
         *  将传入xml文本转换成Java对象
         * @Title: toBean 
         * @Description: TODO 
         * @param xmlStr
         * @param cls  xml对应的class类
         * @return T   xml对应的class类的实例对象
         * 
         * 调用的方法实例:PersonBean person=XmlUtil.toBean(xmlStr, PersonBean.class);
         */
        public static <T> T  toBean(String xmlStr,Class<T> cls){
            //注意:不是new Xstream(); 否则报错:java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/xmlpull/v1/XmlPullParserFactory
            XStream xstream=new XStream(new DomDriver());
            xstream.processAnnotations(cls);
            T obj=(T)xstream.fromXML(xmlStr);
            return obj;         
        } 
 
       /**
         * 写到xml文件中去
         * @Title: writeXMLFile 
         * @Description: TODO 
         * @param obj 对象
         * @param absPath 绝对路径
         * @param fileName  文件名
         * @return boolean
         */
       
        public static boolean toXMLFile(Object obj, String absPath, String fileName ){
            String strXml = toXml(obj);
            String filePath = absPath + fileName;
            File file = new File(filePath);
            if(!file.exists()){
                try {
                    file.createNewFile();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    log.error("创建{"+ filePath +"}文件失败!!!" + Strings.getStackTrace(e));
                    return false ;
                }
            }// end if 
            OutputStream ous = null ;
            try {
                ous = new FileOutputStream(file);
                ous.write(strXml.getBytes());
                ous.flush();
            } catch (Exception e1) {
                log.error("写{"+ filePath +"}文件失败!!!" + Strings.getStackTrace(e1));
                return false;
            }finally{
                if(ous != null )
                    try {
                        ous.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        log.error("写{"+ filePath +"}文件关闭输出流异常!!!" + Strings.getStackTrace(e));
                    }
            }
            return true ;
        }
         
        /**
         * 从xml文件读取报文
         * @Title: toBeanFromFile 
         * @Description: TODO 
         * @param absPath 绝对路径
         * @param fileName 文件名
         * @param cls
         * @throws Exception 
         * @return T
         */
        public static <T> T  toBeanFromFile(String absPath, String fileName,Class<T> cls) throws Exception{
            String filePath = absPath +fileName;
            InputStream ins = null ;
            try {
                ins = new FileInputStream(new File(filePath ));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new Exception("读{"+ filePath +"}文件失败!", e);
            }
             
            String encode = useEncode(cls);
            XStream xstream=new XStream(new DomDriver(encode));
            xstream.processAnnotations(cls);
            T obj =null;
            try {
                obj = (T)xstream.fromXML(ins);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                throw new Exception("解析{"+ filePath +"}文件失败!",e);
            }
            if(ins != null)
                ins.close();
            return obj;         
        } 
         
    }