1.SpannableString简介
SpannableString 其实和String一样,都是字符串,都是实现CharSequence接口的字符串,所以TextView也可以直接设置。SpannableString作为显示文本,不同的地方就是SpannableString的一些api可以解决我们显示复杂文本的需求,可以指定设置显示区间。
2.SpannableString设置TextView的方法
setSpan(Object what, int start, int end, int flags)
参数1:what - 显示的格式 图片?文本?颜色?背景色?等
参数2:start - 显示的位置 字符串起始坐标
参数3:end - 显示的位置 字符串的结束坐标
参数4:flags - 四种坐标的计算规则
flags共有四种属性:
Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE 从起始下标到终了下标,包括起始下标
Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE 从起始下标到终了下标,同时包括起始下标和终了下标
Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE 从起始下标到终了下标,但都不包括起始下标和终了下标
Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE 从起始下标到终了下标,包括终了下标
参数1 what举例
ForegroundColorSpan:设置文本字体颜色
BackgroundColorSpan:设置文本字体背景颜色
UnderlineSpan:设置文本下划线
ImageSpan:设置添加图片
ClickableSpan:为部分文本添加添加事件,类似于微博的@,#话题# 中点击话题可以跳转话题界面一样
SuperscriptSpan:为文字设置上标
SubscriptSpan:为文字设置下标
StyleSpan:为文字设置粗体、斜体等风格
URLSpan:设置超链接文本,和ClickableSpan类似
RelativeSizeSpan:设置文字相对大小,在TextView原有的文字大小的基础上,相对设置文字大小
StrikethroughSpan:为文本设置中划线,也就是常说的删除线
SpannableStringBuilder:类似StringBuilder,可以使用append()方法实现字符串拼接,非常方便。同样,SpannableString中也有SpannableStringBuilder,顾名思义,就是实现对,SpannableString的一个拼接效果,同样是append()方法,可以实现各种风格效果的SpannableString拼接,非常实用。
3.代码实现
布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="70dp"
android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="TextView绚丽多彩"
android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
android:textSize="16sp"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:scrollbars="none">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview3"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview4"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview5"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview6"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview7"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview8"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview9"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview10"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview11"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview12"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:padding="5dp"
android:text="textview1"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center|left"/>
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>
Activity
package com.wjn.viewlistdemo.activity.textview;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Typeface;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.text.SpannableString;
import android.text.SpannableStringBuilder;
import android.text.Spanned;
import android.text.TextPaint;
import android.text.method.LinkMovementMethod;
import android.text.style.BackgroundColorSpan;
import android.text.style.ClickableSpan;
import android.text.style.ForegroundColorSpan;
import android.text.style.ImageSpan;
import android.text.style.RelativeSizeSpan;
import android.text.style.StrikethroughSpan;
import android.text.style.StyleSpan;
import android.text.style.SubscriptSpan;
import android.text.style.SuperscriptSpan;
import android.text.style.URLSpan;
import android.text.style.UnderlineSpan;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.wjn.viewlistdemo.R;
import com.wjn.viewlistdemo.utils.StatusBarUtil;
public class TextViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private TextView textView1, textView2, textView3, textView4, textView5, textView6,
textView7, textView8, textView9, textView10, textView11, textView12;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_textview);
//根据状态栏颜色来决定 状态栏背景 用黑色还是白色 true:是否修改状态栏字体颜色
StatusBarUtil.setStatusBarMode(this, false, false, R.color.colorPrimary);
initView();
}
/**
* 初始化各种View
*/
private void initView() {
textView1 = findViewById(R.id.textview1);
textView2 = findViewById(R.id.textview2);
textView3 = findViewById(R.id.textview3);
textView4 = findViewById(R.id.textview4);
textView5 = findViewById(R.id.textview5);
textView6 = findViewById(R.id.textview6);
textView7 = findViewById(R.id.textview7);
textView8 = findViewById(R.id.textview8);
textView9 = findViewById(R.id.textview9);
textView10 = findViewById(R.id.textview10);
textView11 = findViewById(R.id.textview11);
textView12 = findViewById(R.id.textview12);
//设置文本字体颜色
SpannableString spannableString1 = new SpannableString("设置文字的前景色为淡蓝色");
ForegroundColorSpan colorSpan1 = new ForegroundColorSpan(Color.parseColor("#0099EE"));
spannableString1.setSpan(colorSpan1, 9, spannableString1.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView1.setText(spannableString1);
//设置文本背景颜色
SpannableString spannableString2 = new SpannableString("设置文字的背景色为淡绿色");
BackgroundColorSpan colorSpan2 = new BackgroundColorSpan(Color.parseColor("#AC00FF30"));
spannableString2.setSpan(colorSpan2, 9, spannableString2.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView2.setText(spannableString2);
//为文本设置下划线
SpannableString spannableString3 = new SpannableString("为文字设置下划线");
UnderlineSpan underlineSpan3 = new UnderlineSpan();
spannableString3.setSpan(underlineSpan3, 5, spannableString3.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView3.setText(spannableString3);
//为文本设置图片
SpannableString spannableString4 = new SpannableString("在文本中添加表情(表情)");
Drawable drawable = getResources().getDrawable(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
drawable.setBounds(0, 0, 42, 42);
ImageSpan imageSpan4 = new ImageSpan(drawable);
spannableString4.setSpan(imageSpan4, 6, 8, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView4.setText(spannableString4);
//为文本设置点击事件
SpannableString spannableString5 = new SpannableString("为文字设置点击事件");
MyClickableSpan clickableSpan5 = new MyClickableSpan("https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37730482");
spannableString5.setSpan(clickableSpan5, 5, spannableString5.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView5.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
textView5.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));
textView5.setText(spannableString5);
//为文本设置上标
SpannableString spannableString6 = new SpannableString("为文字设置上标");
SuperscriptSpan superscriptSpan6 = new SuperscriptSpan();
spannableString6.setSpan(superscriptSpan6, 5, spannableString6.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView6.setText(spannableString6);
//为文本设置下标
SpannableString spannableString7 = new SpannableString("为文字设置下标");
SubscriptSpan subscriptSpan7 = new SubscriptSpan();
spannableString7.setSpan(subscriptSpan7, 5, spannableString7.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView7.setText(spannableString7);
//为文本设置粗体斜体等风格
SpannableString spannableString8 = new SpannableString("为文字设置粗体、斜体风格");
StyleSpan styleSpan_B = new StyleSpan(Typeface.BOLD);
StyleSpan styleSpan_I = new StyleSpan(Typeface.ITALIC);
spannableString8.setSpan(styleSpan_B, 5, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
spannableString8.setSpan(styleSpan_I, 8, 10, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView8.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));
textView8.setText(spannableString8);
//为文本设置超链接
SpannableString spannableString9 = new SpannableString("为文字设置超链接");
URLSpan urlSpan9 = new URLSpan("https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37730482");
spannableString9.setSpan(urlSpan9, 5, spannableString9.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView9.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
textView9.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));
textView9.setText(spannableString9);
//为文本设置相对大小
SpannableString spannableString10 = new SpannableString("万丈高楼平地起");
RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan01 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.2f);
RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan02 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.4f);
RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan03 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.6f);
RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan04 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.8f);
RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan05 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.6f);
RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan06 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.4f);
RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan07 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.2f);
spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan01, 0, 1, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan02, 1, 2, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan03, 2, 3, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan04, 3, 4, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan05, 4, 5, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan06, 5, 6, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan07, 6, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView10.setText(spannableString10);
//为文本设置中划线
SpannableString spannableString11 = new SpannableString("为文字设置删除线");
StrikethroughSpan strikethroughSpan = new StrikethroughSpan();
spannableString11.setSpan(strikethroughSpan, 5, spannableString11.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
textView11.setText(spannableString11);
//SpannableStringBuilder拼接多种类型
//为文本设置上标
SpannableString spannableString61 = new SpannableString("为文字设置上标");
SuperscriptSpan superscriptSpan61 = new SuperscriptSpan();
spannableString61.setSpan(superscriptSpan61, 5, spannableString61.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
//为文本设置下标
SpannableString spannableString71 = new SpannableString("为文字设置下标");
SubscriptSpan subscriptSpan71 = new SubscriptSpan();
spannableString71.setSpan(subscriptSpan71, 5, spannableString71.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
SpannableStringBuilder spannableStringBuilder = new SpannableStringBuilder();
spannableStringBuilder.append(spannableString61);
spannableStringBuilder.append(spannableString71);
textView12.setText(spannableStringBuilder);
}
/**
* 为文本设置的点击事件
*/
class MyClickableSpan extends ClickableSpan {
private String content;
public MyClickableSpan(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
@Override
public void updateDrawState(TextPaint ds) {
ds.setUnderlineText(false);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View widget) {
Toast.makeText(TextViewActivity.this, content, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
}
效果
代码链接:https://github.com/wujianning/ViewListDemo