语法:
select 查询列表 from 表 【where 筛选条件】order by 排序列表 【asc | desc】
特点:
- asc表示升序,不写时默认为升序。desc表示降序。
- order by子句可以支持 单个字段、多个字段、表达式、函数、别名。
- order by子句一般是放在查询语句的最后面,除了limit子句。
案例1:查询员工信息,要求按工资从高到低排序
select
*
from
`employees`
order by `salary` desc ;
案例2:查询部门编号>=90的员工信息,按入职时间的先后进行排序【添加筛选条件】
SELECT
*
FROM
`employees`
WHERE `department_id` >= 90
ORDER BY `hiredate` ASC;
案列3:按年薪的高低显示员工的信息和年薪【表达式排序】
SELECT
*,
salary * 12 * (1+ IFNULL(commission_pct, 0)) 年薪
FROM
employees
ORDER BY salary * 12 * (1+ IFNULL(commission_pct, 0)) DESC ;
案例4:按年薪的高低显示员工的信息和年薪【按别名排序】
SELECT
*,
salary * 12 * (1+ IFNULL(commission_pct, 0)) 年薪
FROM
employees
ORDER BY 年薪 DESC ;
案例5:按姓名的长度显示员工的姓名和工资【按函数排序】
SELECT
LENGTH(last_name) 字节长度,
last_name,
salary
FROM
employees
ORDER BY LENGTH(last_name) DESC ;
案例6:查询员工信息,要求先按工资升序,再按员工编号降序【按多个人字段排序】
SELECT
*
FROM
employees
ORDER BY salary ASC,
employee_id DESC ;
练习:
1、查询员工的姓名和部门号和年薪,按年薪降序 按姓名升序
SELECT
last_name,
department_id,
salary * 12 * (1+ IFNULL(commission_pct, 0)) 年薪
FROM
employees
ORDER BY 年薪 DESC,
last_name ASC ;
2、选择工资不在8000到17000的员工的姓名和工资,按工资降序
SELECT
last_name,
salary
FROM
employees
WHERE salary NOT BETWEEN 8000
AND 17000
ORDER BY salary DESC ;
3、查询邮箱中包含e的员工信息,并先按邮箱的字节数降序,再按部门号升序
SELECT
*,
LENGTH(email)
FROM
employees
WHERE email LIKE '%e%'
ORDER BY LENGTH(email) DESC,
department_id ASC ;