linux下关于逻辑卷相关配置

1、创建一个物理卷

[root@docker tmp]# pvcreate /dev/sda{5..6}
  Physical volume "/dev/sda5" successfully created
  Physical volume "/dev/sda6" successfully created
[root@docker tmp]# pvs
  PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree 
  /dev/sda5       lvm2 ---  g g
  /dev/sda6       lvm2 ---   g  g
[root@docker tmp]# pvscan 
  PV /dev/sda5         lvm2 [ GiB]
  PV /dev/sda6         lvm2 [ GiB]
  Total:  [ GiB] / in use:  [   ] / in no VG:  [ GiB] 
           

2、创建一个卷组

[[email protected] tmp]# vgcreate vg0 /dev/sda{5..6}
  Volume group "vg0" successfully created
[[email protected] tmp]# vgs
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree 
  vg0           wz--n- g g
[[email protected] tmp]# vgscan 
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  Found volume group "vg0" using metadata type lvm2
           

3、创建一个逻辑卷

[root@docker tmp]# lvcreate -L +1G -nlv0 /dev/vg0
  Logical volume "lv0" created
[root@docker tmp]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv  vg  -wi-a----- g                                                    
[root@docker tmp]# lvscan 
  ACTIVE            '/dev/vg0/lv0' [ GiB] inherit
           

4、格式化逻辑卷

[[email protected] tmp]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg0/lv0 
mke2fs  (-May-)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小= (log=)
分块大小= (log=)
Stride= blocks, Stripe width= blocks
 inodes,  blocks
 blocks (%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=
Maximum filesystem blocks=
 block groups
 blocks per group,  fragments per group
 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    , , , 

正在写入inode表: 完成                            
Creating journal ( blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成

This filesystem will be automatically checked every  mounts or
 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
           

5、挂载逻辑卷

[root@docker ~]# mount /dev/vg0/lv0 /luyun
[root@docker ~]# df -Th
Filesystem          Type   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1           ext4    48G  4.5G   42G  10% /
tmpfs               tmpfs  M  K  M   % /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0 ext4   M  M  M   % /luyun
           

6、扩展逻辑卷大小

[[email protected] ~]# lvextend -L +500M /dev/vg0/lv0
  Size of logical volume vg0/lv0 changed from  GiB ( extents) to  GiB ( extents).
  Logical volume lv0 successfully resized

[[email protected] ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv0 
resize2fs  (-May-)
Filesystem at /dev/vg0/lv0 is mounted on /luyun; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = , new_desc_blocks = 
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg0/lv0 to  (k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 is now  blocks long.

[[email protected] ~]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv0  vg0  -wi-ao---- 1.49g   
           

7、压缩逻辑卷为800M

[[email protected] ~]# umount /luyun

[[email protected] ~]# fsck /dev/vg0/lv0     #检查逻辑卷里的数据
fsck from util-linux-ng 
e2fsck  (-May-)
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0: clean, / files, / blocks

[[email protected] ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg0/lv0        #检查文件系统大小
e2fsck  (-May-)
第一步: 检查inode,块,和大小
第二步: 检查目录结构
第步: 检查目录连接性
Pass : Checking reference counts
第步: 检查簇概要信息
/dev/vg0/lv0: / files (% non-contiguous), / blocks

[[email protected] ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv0 800M      #把文件系统减小为800M
resize2fs  (-May-)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 to  (k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 is now  blocks long.

[[email protected] ~]# lvresize -L 800M /dev/vg0/lv0     #把逻辑卷减小为800M
  WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to  MiB
  THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce lv0? [y/n]: y
  Size of logical volume vg0/lv0 changed from  GiB ( extents) to  MiB ( extents).
  Logical volume lv0 successfully resized

[[email protected] ~]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv0  vg0  -wi-a----- 800.00m 
注意：+M：在原有的大小上再加上M ； M：不管原来有多大，最后的大小就是M
           

8、当卷组空间分完后，须重新添加个物理分区，把物理分区做成物理卷加入卷组

fdisk /dev/sda   #创建一个/dev/sda7      
partx -a /dev/sda
pvcreate /dev/sda7
vgextend  vg0 /dev/sda7    这样卷组的空间就会增大
           

9、删除逻辑卷、卷组、物理卷

、先手动卸载挂载点，然后把/etc/fstab中的开机自动挂载删除，再重新加载挂载表mount -a，
、lvremove /dev/vg0/*    卸载/dev/vg0/下所有的逻辑卷
、vgremove vg0      卸载卷组vg0    ；    
、pvremove /dev/sdb{12..14}      卸载物理卷
           

10、自动挂载逻辑卷脚本

device=`fdisk -l 2> /dev/null | grep "Disk /dev/" | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -1 | awk '{print $3}' | awk -F: '{print $1}'`
pvcreate $device
vgcreate vg1 $device
vgfree=`vgdisplay | grep "Free" | awk '{print $5}'`
lvcreate -l $vgfree -n lv1 vg1 
mkfs.ext4 -j /dev/vg1/lv1
tune2fs -c 0 -i 0 /dev/vg1/lv1
echo "/dev/vg1/lv1  /home  ext4  defaults 0  0 " >> /etc/fstab 
mount -a