服务是在活动里启动的,但是启动了服务之后,活动与服务基本就没什么关系了,为了能让服务和活动的关系紧密一点,在这里介绍一种利用广播接收器的方式来使得服务和活动联系起来。
在这里模拟下载的情况,利用一个进度条来使得服务和活动联系起来,然后布局一个按钮和一个进度条
利用广播接收器来实现活动和服务的联系
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_startdown"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="开始下载"/>
<ProgressBar
style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/progressBar"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />
然后在主活动中通过点击事件来启动服务
Intent intent=new Intent(getApplicationContext(),MyFirstService.class);
startService(intent);
在Service类中的onStartCommand()方法中定义一个count计数模拟每秒下载百分之一,然后发送广播
package com.example.administrator.myserviceapplication;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2015/9/8.
*/
public class MyFirstService extends Service {
private int count=;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.d("00000000000000000000000", "onCreate ");
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.d("00000000000000000000000", "onStartCommand ");
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
count++;
if (count>){
count=;
}
try {
Thread.sleep();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.setAction("com.downlowd.test");
intent.putExtra("count",count);
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
}
}).start();
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d("00000000000000000000000", "onDestroy ");
}
@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
}
最后在主活动中进行广播接收器的注册和处理
package com.example.administrator.myserviceapplication;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import static com.example.administrator.myserviceapplication.R.id.button_startdown;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
private Button mButtonStartDown;
private ProgressBar mProgressBar;
private MyDownLoadReceiver mMyDownReceiver;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mButtonStartDown= (Button) findViewById(button_startdown);
mButtonStartDown.setOnClickListener(this);
mProgressBar= (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar);
//广播接收器的注册 动态注册
IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction("com.downlowd.test");
mMyDownReceiver=new MyDownLoadReceiver();
registerReceiver(mMyDownReceiver,intentFilter);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//广播接收器取消注册
unregisterReceiver(mMyDownReceiver);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.button_startdown:
start();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
private void start() {
Intent intent=new Intent(getApplicationContext(),MyFirstService.class);
startService(intent);
}
private void stop() {
Intent intent=new Intent(getApplicationContext(),MyFirstService.class);
stopService(intent);
}
class MyDownLoadReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
//广播接收器接收广播并进行处理
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
int count=intent.getIntExtra("count",);
mProgressBar.setProgress(count);
}
}
}
广播接收器通过接收到的由服务发送的广播后将设置进度条。
使用IntentService
由于Service不是一个单独的进程 ,也不是一个线程,它和应用程序在同一个进程中,所以我们应该避免在Service里面进行耗时的操作。所以如果有耗时操作在Service里,就必须开启一个单独的线程来处理!
其他使用跟Service相同,只是服务这一块略有不同。
这里写一个IntentService类来具体说明一下
package com.example.administrator.myserviceapplication;
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2015/9/9.
*/
public class MyIntentService extends IntentService {
private int count=;
/**
* Creates an IntentService. Invoked by your subclass's constructor.
*
* @param name Used to name the worker thread, important only for debugging.
*/
public MyIntentService(String name) {
super(name);
}
public MyIntentService(){
this("");
}
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
Log.d("00000000000000000000000", "启动了MyIntentService");
while (true){
count++;
if (count>){
count=;
}
try {
Thread.sleep();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Intent intent1=new Intent();
intent1.setAction("com.downlowd.test");
intent1.putExtra("count",count);
sendBroadcast(intent1);
}
}
}
同样不要忘了在Manifest里进行注册。在这里可以看到,Service中的那段代码是写在一个线程中,而IntentService本身就是一个线程所以不需要写在Thread中。