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LNMP(nginx php-fpm mysql) 环境部署——mysql

前言:

上一篇已经说过部署的初衷,如有不清楚的,可以看下上篇的前言或在评论区留言给我。

此篇主要介绍安装mysql的方法,php会要用到mysql连接数据库

准备:

mysql官网:mysql.com

源码目录:/usr/local/src

mysql官方提供官方库、源码、二进制包三种安装方式。此文会分别介绍官方库、源码包的安装方式,对于二进制包,下载后可直接使用。

此文介绍mysql 5.6 社区版,在下载时不要选择错了

安装:

使用官方库安装:

1 配置mysql.repo

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql.repo
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1      

2 创建

mysql_pubkey.asc

可参考http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/checking-gpg-signature.html

vim mysql_pubkey.asc      
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (SunOS)

mQGiBD4+owwRBAC14GIfUfCyEDSIePvEW3SAFUdJBtoQHH/nJKZyQT7h9bPlUWC3
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AcOphrnJ
=443I
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
           

3 导入mysql公钥

gpg --import mysql_pubkey.asc      

4 验证签名

gpg --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 5072E1F5      

5 安装mysql

如遇超时,可以先yum makecache下

yum install mysql-community-server      

6 启动mysql服务

service mysqld start      

7 确认安装

可以设置mysql root口令以及删除空帐号等

mysql_secure_installation      

源码安装:

安装编译依赖

yum install -y wget ncurses-devel      

1 在官方下载mysql源码包

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.34.tar.gz      

2 解压

tar zxf mysql-5.6.34.tar.gz      

3 添加mysql用户组及用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false      

4 创建数据目录,并赋予权限

mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql      

5 配置编译参数

cd mysql-5.6.12
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306      

6 编译

make
make install      

7 设置mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
#初始化数据库
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data
bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
#配置服务
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld      

可在初始化数据库时附加参数指定配置

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql \
         --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
         --datadir=/data/mysql      

8 启动mysql服务

service mysql start      

9 默认初始化数据库后 root 密码为空,可通过mysql_secure_installation 配置mysql安全

bin/mysql_secure_installation      

10 配置防火墙 开启3306端口

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT      

注:若没有安装相关依赖,可能会看到类似如下错误。错误的结尾给出了各系统对应的依赖包,安装后需要清除cmake 缓存,直接删除CMakeCache.txt 文件,重新配置编译即可

-- Could NOT find Curses (missing:  CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)

CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:85 (MESSAGE):

  Curses library not found.  Please install appropriate package,

      remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.

默认初始化数据库后,需要修改my.cnf配置文件相关配置为实际值

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/morrowind/1874491