Centos6.8 下 部署Mysql组复制（MySQL Group Replication）之多主模式（5.7新特性）

MySQL Group Replication（简称MGR）是MySQL官方于2016年12月推出的一个全新的高可用与高扩展的解决方案。MySQL组复制提供了高可用、高扩展、高可靠的MySQL集群服务。
           

1.关于MGR介绍

1.1提供的特性:

多写，写冲突检测
良好的扩展能力，可动态增删节点，组成员自动管理
组内高可用
确保组内数据最终一致性【重要】(通过分布式协议和分布式recovery机制保证)
           

1.2组复制的两种模式

在单主模式下，组复制具有自动选主功能，每次只有一个 server成员接受更新。
在多主模式下,所有的 server 成员都可以同时接受更新.
           

1.3组复制的限制

仅支持InnoDB表，并且每张表一定要有一个主键，用于做write set的冲突检测；
必须打开GTID特性，二进制日志格式必须设置为ROW，用于选主与write set
COMMIT可能会导致失败，类似于快照事务隔离级别的失败场景
目前一个MGR集群最多支持9个节点
不支持外键于save point特性，无法做全局间的约束检测与部分部分回滚
二进制日志不支持binlog event checksum
           

1.4MySQL组复制协议

上图描述了MySQL组复制协议。

2.安装部署

2.1 环境介绍

三台服务器（centos6.8）安装mysql5.7.19版本，关于mysql安装参考我的另一个文章。

服务器分别为：

192.168.1.208

192.168.1.211

192.168.1.212

服务器	端口号	数据及日志目录	Group_replication 通讯端口
192.168.1.208	3306	/usr/local/mysql/mysql/{data,logs,tmp}	33061
192.168.1.211	3306	/usr/local/mysql/mysql/{data,logs,tmp}	33061
192.168.1.212	3306	/usr/local/mysql/mysql/{data,logs,tmp}	33061

①.分别在三台服务器添加host

vi /etc/hosts

192.168.1.208 mgr208

192.168.1.212 mgr212

192.168.1.211 mgr211

2.2更改mysql配置文件my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
back_log = 80
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid 
#-------------------gobal variables------------#
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
binlog_checksum = NONE
log_slave_updates = ON
log-bin = /usr/local/mysql/log/mysql-bin
transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64  #以便在server收集写集合的同时将其记录到二进制日志。写集合基于每行的主键，并且是行更改后的唯一标识此标识将用于检测冲突。
loose-group_replication_group_name = 'de9be252-2b91-11e6-b8f4-00212889f856' #组的名字可以随便起,但不能用主机的GTID
loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = off  #为了避免每次启动自动引导具有相同名称的第二个组,所以设置为OFF。
loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = off 
loose-group_replication_local_address = '192.168.1.212:33061' #sql服务器IP
loose-group_replication_group_seeds ='192.168.1.212:33061,192.168.1.208:33061,192.168.1.211:33061'
loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode = off  #关闭单主模式的参数（本例测试时多主模式，所以关闭该项）
loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks = on #开启多主模式的参数
max_connect_errors = 20000
max_connections = 2000
wait_timeout = 3600
interactive_timeout = 3600
net_read_timeout = 3600
net_write_timeout = 3600
table_open_cache = 1024
table_definition_cache = 1024
thread_cache_size = 512
open_files_limit = 10000
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_bin
skip_external_locking
performance_schema = 1
user = mysql
myisam_recover_options = DEFAULT
skip-name-resolve
local_infile = 0
lower_case_table_names = 0

#--------------------innoDB------------#
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2000M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:200M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_io_capacity = 600
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_log_file_size = 200M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 85
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_support_xa = 1
innodb_thread_concurrency = 32
innodb_file_per_table
innodb_rollback_on_timeout

#------------session variables-------#
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 256M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
max_heap_table_size = 96M
tmp_table_size = 96M
read_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
max_allowed_packet = 64M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 32M

#------------MySQL Log----------------#
log-bin = my3306-bin
binlog_format = row  #组复制依赖基于行的复制格式
sync_binlog = 1
expire_logs_days = 15
max_binlog_cache_size = 128M
max_binlog_size = 500M
binlog_cache_size = 64k
slow_query_log
log-slow-admin-statements
log_warnings = 1
long_query_time = 0.25

#---------------replicate--------------#
relay-log-index = relay3306.index
relay-log = relay3306
server-id = 91 #每个db的id唯一
init_slave = 'set sql_mode=STRICT_ALL_TABLES'
log-slave-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 512M
sort_buffer_size = 512M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M
#skip-grant-tables

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 8192
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/log/mysqld_error.log
           

2.3注意事项

启动mysql,如果启动失败，查看日志可能是/usr/local/mysql权限问题，也可以其他问题。

mysql的basedir 必须是/usr/local/mysql 这个mysql官方说basedir如果不在这个目录的话，会有问题。

④.安装组复制插件

mysql>INSTALL PLUGIN group_replication SONAME 'group_replication.so';
           

2.4启动Group_replication第一个节点(192.168.1.208)

mysql > SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=ON; //只在第一个节点使用

 mysql > GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY                                    'Goodluck123456@';     

 mysql > CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='Goodluck123456@' FOR CHANNEL 'group_replication_recovery';

 mysql> SET GLOBAL  group_replication_ip_whitelist="127.0.0.1/32,192.168.0.0/16,192.168.1.0/24";

 mysql > START GROUP_REPLICATION;

 mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;
           

2.5配置 group_replication_recovery 通道的恢复凭据(192.168.1.211,192.168.1.212)

mysql > SET GLOBAL group_replication_allow_local_disjoint_gtids_join=ON;
  mysql > CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='Goodluck123456@' FOR  CHANNEL 'group_replication_recovery';

  mysql > SET GLOBAL  group_replication_ip_whitelist="127.0.0.1/32,192.168.0.0/16,192.168.1.0/24";

  mysql > START GROUP_REPLICATION;

  mysql > SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;
           

2.6 数据同步测试

在192.168.1.212上执行sql

mysql> CREATE TABLE `test1` (`id`  int() NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,`name`  varchar()  CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NULL DEFAULT NULL ,PRIMARY KEY (`id`));
Query OK,  rows affected ( sec)
           

mysql> show tables;

+—————–+

| Tables_in_test1 |

+—————–+

| test1 |

+—————–+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在其他两台服务器上查询

mysql> show tables;

+—————–+

| Tables_in_test1 |

+—————–+

| test1 |

+—————–+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

参考

Group Replication