第十一課:One good turn deserves another
課文
I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony worked in a lawyer’s office years ago, but he is now working at a bank. He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table. He has never borrowed money from me. While he was eating, I asked him to lend me &20. To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. ‘I have never borrowed any money from you,’ Tony said,’so now you can pay for my dinner!’
翻譯
我正在一家飯館吃飯，托尼.斯蒂爾走了進來。托尼曾在一家律師事務所工作，而現在正在一家銀行上班，他的薪水很高，但他卻總是向朋友借錢，并且從來不還。托尼看見了我，就走過來和我坐到一張桌子前。他從未向我借過錢，但他吃飯時，我提出向他借20英鎊。令我驚奇的是，他立刻把錢給了我。“我還未向你借過錢。”托尼說道，“是以現在你可以替我付飯錢了！”
二、課文精講
(課文精講根據順序分析課文重點)
1．One good turn deserves another,（标題）禮尚往來。
（1）名詞turn的含義之一是“（幫助或損害他人的）舉動”、“行為”：
Yesterday George did me a good/ an ill turn.
喬治昨天做了一件對我有利／不利的事。
He is always ready to do a turn for others.
他總是樂于為他人做好事。
（2）deserve的意義為“應受”、“應得（獎賞、懲罰等）”、“值得”，通常為及物動詞：
His words deserve attention.
他的話值得注意。
Mary deserves the prize.
瑪麗應得這個獎。
2．He gets a good salary…他的薪水很高……
good在這裡的意思是“相當大／多的”、“相當可觀的”：
It takes me a good three hours to get there.
我花了整整3小時才到達那裡。
3．…but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. ……但他卻總是向朋友借錢，并且從來不還。
（1）連詞and在這句話中可解釋為“并且”、“另外”(in addition)。
（2）pay在這裡的意思是“償還（債務等）”。
pay還可以解釋為“付”、“支付（價款、賬單等）”，如課文的最後一句話：
…so now you can pay for my dinner!
……是以現在你可以替我付飯錢了！
pay 既是及物動詞也可以是不及物動詞：
How much did you pay for that dress?
那件衣服你花了多少錢？
I paid the bill.
我付了賬。
三、單詞學習
1、提示:n.名詞、adj.形容詞、vi.不及物動詞、vt.及物動詞、adv.副詞、prep.介詞、pron.代詞、int.感歎詞、num.數詞、abbr.短語縮寫
2、一匹駿馬圖，有興趣可以聯系我:
東方火鳥編輯
3、單詞清單：
1．salary與wage
salary可譯為“薪金”、“薪水”，通常指職員、腦力勞動者（如律師、教師、醫生等）的收入，數額比較固定，一般按月支付：
My salary is paid on the 28th of the month.
我每月28号領工資。
wage可譯為“工資”、“工錢”，通常指技工或一般體力勞動者的收入，按周或天支付。wage一般用複數形式wages:
When I worked as a waiter, the wages were low, but the tips were good.
我當侍者時工資不高，但小費可觀。
Women often get low wages.
婦女的報酬通常很低。
2．borrow與lend
borrow的意思是“借”、“借入”，經常與from連用：
He borrowed my pen yesterday. He hasn’t given me it yet.
他昨天借了我的鋼筆，到現在他還沒有還我。
Can I borrow ￡ 20 from you please? I’ll pay/ give it back tomorrow.
我能從您這裡借20英鎊嗎？我明天就還給您。
lend的意思是“把……借給”、“借出”，經常與介詞to連用：
He refused to lend any money to Tom.
他不肯借給湯姆錢。
Can you lend me ￡ 20 please? I’ll pay/ give it back tomorrow.
您能借給我20英鎊嗎？我明天就還給您。
Can you lend your car to me this afternoon?
你今天下午能把車借我用一下嗎？
重點難點
(重點難點包括文法、短語固定搭配、習慣用語等内容)
1．在前10課的文法中，我們比較了一般過去時、一般現在時、現在完成時、現在進行時和過去進行時等時态以及和它們相關的時間狀語，另外還學習了被動語态。現在我們通過例句簡要回顧一下所學過的内容：
2．動詞+名詞／代詞+ 帶to 的不定式
某些動詞之後的帶to的不定式之前可以有一個名詞或代詞。有些動詞後的名詞／代詞可有可無，但有和沒有經常影響整個句子的意義：
I want to speak to John.
我想和約翰談話。(=I will speak.)
I want you to speak to John.
我希望你和約翰談談。(=You will speak.)
但是，還有一些動詞後面用不定式作賓語時，其後通常必須有一名詞或代詞。這類動詞有：allow, advise, help, teach, tell, request等等。這類動詞不但可用于主動語态，也可用于被動語态：
Mr. Turner did not allow us to see the picture.
特納先生沒讓我們看那幅畫。
We were not allowed to see the picture.
人們不許我們看那幅畫。
He taught me to paint.
他教我繪畫。
Jane helped Julie to cook the meal.
簡幫着朱莉做飯。
(習題課答案)
1．關鍵句型練習答案
A a he is now working (1.2)
b he gets (1.3); he always borrows (1.3); never pays it back (1.4)
c came in…worked (11.2-2); Tony saw (1.4); came and sat (1.4); I asked him (1.6); he gave me (1.7); Tony said (1.8)
d He has never borrowed (1.5); I have never borrowed (1.7)
e I was having (1.1); he was eating (1.6)
C 1 gets…got
2 have not had
3 was writing…talked/ were talking
4 am typing
5 passed/ were passing
D The Taj Mahal was built…after he became/ had become ruler, his wife…died. The Taj Mahal was built in her honour. Experts were called in…The Taj Mahal, which was begun in 1632 and (was) completed in 1654, cost a fortune…it has been visited by…
2．難點練習答案
a
A 1 The officer ordered the men to fire at the enemy.
2 He wants his wife to wear this dress.
3 She wants us to explain it.
4 I cannot allow him to enter the room.
B (sample sentences)
1 He asked me to help him.
2 We preferred her to stay at home.
3 He taught me to speak English.
4 My mother wished me to collect the laundry.
5 Do you want her to visit you?
b
1 salary 2 lent…salary/ wages 3 borrowed 4 wages 5 wages
3．多項選擇題答案
1 b 2 b 3 b 4 a 5 b 6 c
7 c 8 a 9 c 10 c 11b 12 d