Literature is my profession, but in our family, my mom can't read a few words, and my mom's mom can't read either. So in terms of inheritance, I'm in this industry, and the chain is very fragile. When my mother knew that I was engaged in a profession based on writing, she once had a question: Lu Xun is a big man in your industry? I say he's not tall, but he writes, and many people say he's a good writer. My mom said, "Well, I know, writing is the easiest thing in the world." I said, "Where does that begin?" My mom said it all started when I was selling soy sauce in town.
My mom used to sell soy sauce in town. At that time, it was the Cultural Revolution, and we said that we wanted to break the superstition, but we were shouting the most superstitious slogans every day. Breaking through ignorance, a great and vigorous move of the people, shouting the most ignorant slogan. At this time, my mother was in a small town in Henan, selling soy sauce. She was illiterate, but she wanted to learn about culture. Next to the soy sauce shop was a bookstore, and she went to the bookstore to find books. At that time, during the Cultural Revolution, there were only two people's books to read, one was Mao Zedong and the other was Lu Xun. She stretched out her hand and grabbed Lu Xun's works, so although my mother's cultural level is not high, the starting point for learning culture is still quite high. She said: "Hey, if Lu Xun is considered to be a good writer, then it is too easy to write this thing, because I have read his books." She said, Lu Xun, Zhou Shuren, Zhejiang Shaoxing people, right? I said, yes. She said, "That's how he wrote his book, 'There are two trees in the back garden of our house, one is a date tree, and the other is also a date tree. 'It's a shame that I'm illiterate, if I'm literate and write no worse than Lu Xun, then what's there, I sell soy sauce, one is a soy sauce tank, and the other is also a soy sauce tank. ”
She said that if literature is to represent life, it is better than life itself. I say it to reveal life. She said no, it is better to show life than to show it. My mother loves to watch TV series, and she said that so far, the best filmed are two TV series, one is the old version of "Dream of Red Mansions", and the other is "Mobile Phone". When the TV series "Mobile Phone" was broadcast nationwide last year, although it was not said that there were thousands of empty alleys, many people still watched it, mainly my mother. When I went back, my mother told me that the TV series "Mobile Phone" was better than "Dream of Red Mansions", and I said that the main reason was that the screenwriter wrote it well, the director directed it well, and the actors acted well. My mom said, no, it's mainly about good writing.
Because my mother likes "Dream of Red Mansions", I talked to her about literature from another angle. I said that literature has another role, and this role is a problem that no other discipline or nation in the world can solve, and let literature solve it. What is the problem? It's a matter of life and death. Because we shouted so much longevity, Chairman Mao still passed away, and we shouted so much for physical well-being, Lin Biao still passed away. They will die, Qianlong and Kangxi will also die, Tang and Song ancestors will also die, and Qin Shi Huang will also die. As soon as they came to power, they pursued immortality, but it was useless. In addition to death, people are also afraid of old age. No one in the world can solve this problem, but literature solves it. We know that all the people in the Qing Dynasty died, but a few people did not die, they are Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu, Biyun, Qingwen, not only did they not die, but they also did not get old. When do we open "Dream of Red Mansions", Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu are always fourteen or fifteen years old, and their youth will last forever. That's the power of literature. But merely retaining youth is not the essence of literature. I think the most powerful thing about literature is that it speaks to a different kind of life.
Jia Baoyu is a person who doesn't like to read, and he is a person who hangs out with girls all day long. His favorite thing to do is to eat the rouge off a girl's face. A fourteen or fifteen-year-old boy, meeting a girl, seeing a kiss, what is this? It's hooligans. He said that it was in the Qing Dynasty, even in modern times, and it was not recognized. He doesn't love school, not only does he not love school, but he also hates other people's schooling, saying that all people who go to school are fame-seeking. This is a person that Cao Xueqin particularly likes in her heart. The creation of such a character is a great betrayal of the life of society as a whole.
"Dream of Red Mansions" is a work based on daily life, family life, and life in the Grand View Garden, but its opening is not based on daily life. He started with a stone and a grass, and this stone is the stone left over from Nuwa's mending the sky, and the starting point is very high, just like my mother learning culture. This grass, she's drying up. The stone said, "I'm idle, I'm idle, I'll pour some water on you." Watered a little, the grass lived, and after it came to life, what did she say? This shows the nobility of an author. We ordinary people say that you have helped me with this, and I will repay you by making cattle and horses in the next life. But Mr. Cao didn't write that. This grass said, I will repay you with tears in the next life. Writing about people's lives doesn't start with people.
Cao Xueqin still has a grudge against the surname Liu, he ridiculed an old man in the book, Grandma Liu, why is she so unproductive, knowing that others ridicule her, and she caters to the ridicule of others. Seeing this, I cried, not for Grandma Liu, nor for the surname Liu, but for the whole nation. Sinister! Isn't it just for someone else to have a meal? Isn't it just giving money to people? She's in her sixties, do you need to do this? But I see this kind of situation abounds on the streets.
The world looks like a dirty world, and there is only one person who is clean, and that is Jia Baoyu. But what is the way out for this cleanest person? It was taken away by two of the dirtiest people in the world, one was a bald monk, and the other was a leprosy-skinned Taoist priest.
One of the cleanest people was taken away by two of the dirtiest people. Where does the rack go? It's the cleanest place in the world. The dialectical relationship between clean and dirty is spoken.
This is literature, which solves the problem of life, death and youth, and then, solves the problem of how life and death and the meaning of youth should be solved, so it is not accidental that it can become a masterpiece.
(2) followed by "Water Margin", the best written in "Water Margin" is Lin Chong. In the history of China, including the history of world literature, only "Water Margin" is written as sunshine for robbers and murderers. "Water Margin" is full of murderers.
When I went to Liangshan, the people of Liangshan asked, "Have you ever killed anyone?" "Nope." "Go down and kill one." Because we're all murderers, and you don't kill people, we can't communicate. I don't care who kills. The praise of robbers and murderers emphasizes the human ability to kill.
Lin Chong saw the monk who was playing martial arts, Lu Zhishen. Well played, he said. Lu Zhishen said, what are you? Lu Zhishen is the one who has killed people. Lin Chong, the head of the 800,000 forbidden army in the capital, is also a murderer. The two murderers met and started talking. Two confidants have exhausted their ambitions. The two were chatting happily, and the maid at home ran over and said that the lady had been bullied. Lin Chong said, impossible, first, in broad daylight, and second, with my status in Tokyo, how can anyone dare to bully my mother? After Lin Chong ran back, when he saw that person, he raised his fist and hit him. When the fist reached the air, it softened, because that person was the godson of his boss, Gao Yanei. Lin Chong asked, "Lady, haven't you been defiled?" The lady said, "Not yet." ”
Lin Chong, a capable man, the head of the 800,000 forbidden army, was bullied.
Later, an old classmate, Lu Qian, came and asked him to drink.
While she was drinking, the maid ran over again and said that the lady had been bullied again. The maid said that not long after you went out, someone said that you had fallen ill while drinking, and the lady hurried over, and the man said that you were not allowed to be in a tavern, in someone else's house. Lin Chong asked, whose house? The maid said that it was Lu Qian's family. Shi Nai'an's concept of "classmates and colleagues" is full of subversion and distrust. Lin Chong hurriedly ran to Lu Qian's house, according to Lin Chong's martial arts, he could kick open the door of Lu Qian's house with one kick, and then kill people. But what was Lin Chong's move? Standing outside the door, he said, "Sister-in-law open the door." "It's clearly to let the person who defiled your lady run. This Gao Yanai quickly ran away. The lady opened the door. After entering, he still said, "The lady has not been defiled, has she?" The lady's answer was still, "Not yet."
Is it possible that the heavens, the earth, the sun and the moon do not force people to become murderers? What did Lin Chong do? endured it, and beat other people's domestic servants. You were meant to kill someone, why did you beat someone's servant? I still have to endure it. Then, he mistakenly broke into the White Tiger Hall and sent Lin Chong to the office. It's not okay to be distributed. The two men tied Lin Chong to the big tree and said, Lin Jiaotou, today next year is the first anniversary of your death. It was easy for Lin Chong to kill two tolerances, but Lin Chong closed his eyes. Just then, a Zen staff came over. A monk, Lu Zhishen, saved him. Then, Lin Chong met two people, and Lin Chong had helped them. After Lin Chong told him about his cause and effect, the man left him and told him, if there is anything to be repaired in the future, bring it over, and let my Hun family help you do it. But Lin Chong didn't expect that burning the mountain temple would definitely kill Lin Chong. It turned out to be Lu Qian's fire. The people who came together said that the fire had risen, and your classmate must have died. Lu Qian said, wait a little longer, wait for the fire to be extinguished and pick up the two bones, which also makes the captain happy. What kind of classmates? Is there a moral bottom line? No! Lin Zheng suddenly came to his senses, if I want to live, someone must die, as long as I don't kill people, I can't live.
He wrote about the process of a person who goes to the opposite of himself, from loving life and loving this society to betraying the whole society. I think Shi Nai'an is amazing.
③
There is also "Journey to the West", which is also worthy of being one of the four famous novels. Forty years ago, I watched "Journey to the West". The biggest feature of "Journey to the West" is that Tang Seng took Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie, Sha Monk and Bailongma to experience nine hundred and eighty-one difficulties.
Tang Seng is a particularly good leader. He walked to a place and said, "Wukong, you go and explore the way." He's talking about the future. Talking about the eight precepts, go find something to eat, talking about the present. Say sand monk, go feed the horses. When the apprentice asked, Master, what are you doing? He said, "I'll take a break." Why would a person who "takes a break" be the master of three people who work? Tang Seng's martial arts are not as good as others. Wherever he goes, he recruits monsters, others fight monsters, he recruits monsters. The person who summons the monster is the master of the person who fights the monster, and we have to ask why.
Normally, he is indeed inferior to others. But when it is critical, when it is difficult, they speak differently. Sun Wukong said, I'll go back to Huaguo Mountain. Zhu Bajie said, I will go back to Gao Laozhuang and marry a daughter-in-law. Monk Sha said, I will go back to Tongtianhe. This is the attitude of the three people who slay demons and subdue demons. And the master who summoned the monsters said, you can all go back, and I will go to the west by myself. This is the reason why Tang Seng is superior to the other three apprentices, and it is also the reason why he became the master of the three people.
If you watch "Journey to the West" after the age of forty, you will pay attention, where do the monsters come from? Youkai didn't grow up in the mountains and forests, they didn't come out of nowhere, they came from the Bodhisattva, Shakyamuni. When I thought about this, I broke out in a cold sweat. Where did the corrupt officials come from? Where does corruption come from? I came to you to learn the scriptures, the monsters came from you, why should I learn from you? Taken, what's the point? Finally caught the youkai, but someone saved the youkai. Who? The owner of the youkai.
This is "Journey to the West".
Liu Zhenyun, born in Yanjin County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province in May 1958, is a Chinese male writer and screenwriter.
In 1982, he joined the "Farmer's Daily". In 1987, he began to publish novels such as "Tower Shop" and "Chicken Feathers in a Land" in "People's Literature". In 1988, he was admitted to the Lu Xun College of Literature of Beijing Normal University for graduate studies. In 1992, he published the novel "A Place of Chicken Feathers". In 1997, he published the book "Reminiscences". In 1999, he created "Liu Zhenyun's Collected Works". In 2000, his short story collection Liu Zhenyun was published. In 2003, he wrote the novel "Mobile Phone". In 2007, he published the novel "My Name is Liu Yuejin". In 2009, his novel "One Sentence Top 10,000 Sentences" was published. In 2011, with a royalty income of 1.6 million yuan, he ranked 26th in the 6th "Chinese Writers Rich List". In 2016, he received the highest honor award for Egyptian culture. On April 13, 2018, he was awarded the "Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres de l'Ordre des Lettres de la délment de la l'Ordre des Lettres de l'Ordre des Lettres de l'Ordre des Lettres He is currently a member of the Presidium of the Chinese Writers Association and the deputy director of the 10th Novel Committee of the Chinese Writers Association