[The content of this article is based on authoritative historical data, and there are citations at the end of the article, please be aware.] 】
One day in 1990, Zhang Zhen, then president and political commissar of the National Defense University, was working when he suddenly heard that a retired old man was going to visit him and report something to him. Zhang Zhen went out to see that this person was none other than the legendary red agent who had been a legend all his life - Guo Rugui, who played the Jiang bandit army.
The purpose of Guo Rugui's visit was to report on his work, return the remaining 8,000 yuan of the 50,000 yuan he received when he wrote the "Military History of China", and then raise a donation. And when Zhang Zhen heard the purpose of this donation, he immediately said don't go to someone to donate, I support you, and then asked the National Defense University to allocate 50,000 yuan to Guo Rugui according to his instructions.
Can't we be honest?
Guo Ruhui is the junior brother of many officers of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in the fifth phase of the Huangpu Military Academy, so he is also called "Guo Xiaogui", he is one of the 13 Taibao of the Department of Civil Engineering, and he is also the right-hand man of Dong Biwu, the head of the Southern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.
Guo Rugui, who had joined the Communist Party of China in 1928, later lost contact with the organization, and studied in Japan during the period of leaving the party.
During the War of Liberation, he was promoted three times within a year, and he directly became the director of the Department of Operations of the Ministry of National Defense, and it was during the War of Liberation that Guo Rugui finally got in touch with our party again, secretly met with Dong Biwu, and began to be in charge of the intelligence work of the War of Liberation.
Since the day the party was born, the party's intelligence work has begun, and the founder of our party's intelligence organs and the person in charge of intelligence work is Premier Zhou Enlai, who has three requirements for intelligence work: no bribery, no assassination, and no seduction.
This makes us different from the vast majority of countries in the world, or from many of the old regimes and political parties, because our agents need to be serious about intelligence without taking advantage of human weaknesses.
As an outstanding agent of the Chinese Communist Party, Guo Rugui was not only able to abide by the above three principles of intelligence work, but also to maintain a clean and honest style among a group of corrupt Kuomintang officers without being suspected.
Of course, there are still smart people among the Kuomintang officers, and Guo Rugui's incorruptible style has not always caused him trouble, for example, Du Yuming, an "outstanding graduate of Gongdelin", once extremely doubted and even determined that Guo Rugui was an agent of our party.
Once he also complained to Chiang Kai-shek, and the reason for the complaint was that Guo Rugui was too incorruptible, and he was already relatively good, but Guo Rugui was even more exaggerated, and there were patches on the sofa and even his clothes at home.
didn't expect that Chiang Kai-shek, who could brainwash himself and believe in it, thought that Du Yuming was jealous of Guo Rugui and chose to sue, or Du Yuming was engaged in factional struggle.
So Chiang Kai-shek taught Du Yuming and said: "Can't I still have an honest person in my party-state?" What's more, I'm also relatively incorruptible, am I also a communist? This historical detail is also reflected in a series of film and television dramas such as the Great War.
However, how could Du Yuming give up so easily? He has never dispelled his suspicions about Guo Rugui, and he has been-for-tat with him everywhere, which makes Guo Rugui almost always fight with Du Yuming in the Liberation War.
Du Yuming knew that Guo Rugui was an agent sent by our party, and Guo Rugui also knew that Du Yuming knew what his identity was, but it was difficult for the two to get rid of each other, so they had to carry guns and sticks in various meetings to suppress each other.
Armageddon beyond the battlefield
After Guo Rugui became the director of the Third Department of the Ministry of National Defense, Du Yuming began to face off with Guo Rugui, often fighting in secret, especially when Du Yuming got the information that Guo Rugui was an undercover agent from somewhere, he became even more determined in this approach.
He first reported this situation to Gu Zhutong, but Gu Zhutong also thought that Du Yuming was engaged in factional struggle, and thought that he was dissatisfied with Chen Cheng, so he wanted to vent his anger on Guo Rugui, who was promoted by Chen Cheng.
Even after Huang Botao was not rescued by Du Yuming, no Kuomintang insiders other than Du Yuming suspected him, perhaps Huang Botao had doubts about internal decision-making before committing suicide, but he didn't know who was the undercover agent.
After a lapse of 35 years, Du Yuming in "Personal Experience of the Huaihai Campaign" is still angry about Chiang Kai-shek's various overstepping commands and micro-manipulations, believing that if it were not for Chiang Kai-shek and Gu Zhutong who had to listen to the mercy of Guo Rugui, a little ghost, they would definitely not have been defeated so quickly, and even if the north was lost, at least 500,000 troops could be saved to fight against the PLA.
In fact, Guo Rugui is still relatively conservative as an undercover agent, and many of the plans he has formulated are still relatively feasible, and sometimes in order to be more realistic, he will veto his own plans or report others as conspiracy.
How good is Guo Rugui's plan? If Chiang Kai-shek did not exert his subjective initiative at the beginning, but really completely obeyed his mercy, maybe he could last a few more years in the end, and the Liberation War would not end as soon as possible.
However, Guo Rugui's Xuzhou battle plan is actually not very good, the so-called attack on the head and the tail, the end and the head, is just on paper, it is easy to be led by the nose by the PLA, Du Yuming saw the loopholes at a glance.
Du Yuming unceremoniously interrupted Guo Rugui's speech, believing that he did not consider the actual feasibility of the operation of the large corps and the problems it might face, but Du Yuming's attitude aroused the disgust of others, making many people side with Guo Rugui instead.
However, in fact, even if Guo Rugui really helped the Kuomintang formulate a plan, we would win the Liberation War in the end, because his biggest role as a red agent was to let our army know the action plan and battle plan of Chiang's bandit army.
Causing trouble for them is just a piggybacking matter, and it is easy to be exposed if it is too obvious, causing difficulties to our intelligence work, not to mention that according to Chiang Kai-shek's character, even if Guo Rugui formulates a perfect plan for him, he will make the final implementation of this plan nondescript through his own micro-manipulation.
And Guo Rugui's nemesis Du Yuming finally after the transformation of Gongdelin, and he attended the CPPCC meeting with him, when the two were reminiscing, Du Yuming also joked that all of us were defeated at your hands, and even Du Yuming was dying, and asked Guo Rugui who came to visit in a confused mental state whether it was the Communist Party.
Revolution is the wax torch turning to ashes and tears beginning to dry
After the three major battles, the defeat of the Kuomintang was decided, and at this time Guo Rugui planned to retire after success, because Chiang Kai-shek, who had a good face, was likely to find someone to take the blame, and this person may not be himself, so he thought about taking the blame and resigning, and Ren Lianru told the Party Central Committee that he hoped to go to the liberated areas.
However, just as Chairman Mao said, "it is advisable to chase after the poor bravely, and not to become famous and learn from the overlords", even if the Kuomintang's millions of troops have been reduced to nothing, we cannot take it lightly. So Ren Lianru conveyed the party's instructions, hoping that Guo Rugui could strive to control a force and hold an uprising when the PLA marched into the southwest, which would play a more effective role than going to the liberated areas.
Guo Rugui has not changed his faith for more than ten years after losing contact with the organization, and at this time he has reached the last step, and it is even more impossible for him to disobey the instructions of the Party Central Committee. So after Gu Zhutong's recommendation, Guo Rugui was appointed as the commander of the 72nd Army, and he was originally assigned an idle position, because Gu Zhutong was afraid that something would happen to him.
But Guo Rugui took the risk to fight for the real power position of army commander, once he was too active to arouse suspicion, not only did the plan fail, but his life was also difficult to protect, but he still persuaded Gu Zhutong, the reason is that some people have always been dissatisfied with themselves, thinking that it is easy to be a staff officer, and if he does not come forward at this critical moment, I am afraid it will be even more difficult to gain a foothold in the future.
Later, Guo Rugui really announced the uprising of the 72nd Army according to the plan, destroying Chiang Kai-shek's plan to stick to the southwest.
In 1966, Marshal Ye Jianying instructed them to carry out ancient Chinese military academic research, annotate ancient art of war, and compile books reflecting the wars of previous dynasties.
After more than ten years and under extremely harsh writing conditions, Guo Rugui, a 48-member writing team, finally completed the first volume of "Chinese Military History", "Weapons", which was officially published in 1983.
And the writing team of this series of academic works is also very special, the youngest is also in his 60s, the average age is about 70 years old, even if they have reached the current legal retirement age, they are still shining.
Later, eight years later, in 1991, all six volumes and ten volumes of China's military history were published, a total of 6 million times, but at this time Guo Rugui was still not idle, because he had already found something else to do for himself a year earlier.
After writing Guo Rugui, the writing team also plans to apply for 50,000 yuan from Vice Chairman Zhang Zhen, who supported them at the beginning, to write "The Long History of the Frontal Battlefield of the War of Resistance Against Japan". After Guo Rugui mentioned this matter to Zhang Zhen in Beijing, Zhang Zhen also agreed to him very boldly, and said that he would give his full support, and the book planned to write ten chapters, and the first six chapters had been completed in May 1990.
Compared with the swords and swords on the battlefield, Guo Rugui's work before liberation was more forbearance and thrilling, obscurity and dedication, even if he sacrificed himself, it was very likely that his name would be buried in the historical continent, no one knew his exploits, and he did not complain.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he worked until the last moment, doing whatever he could, doing as much as he could, and this red agent who played with things was much more legendary than those fictional characters in suits and ties.
#长文创作激励计划#
Resources:
[1] Cao Xiwen, A telegram with sincere feelings
[2] Chen Minghai, Red Agent
[3] Ye Jiefu Guo Rugui - The Legend of the Undercover General (2)