Yangtze River Delta G60 laser alliance guide
捷克布尔诺门德尔大学、布尔诺理工大学和奥斯特拉发技术大学的科研人员报道了长达10万次循环耐久性激光诱导MAX 3D打印光电催化和储能应用电极的纳米结构。 相关研究以“Nanoarchitectonics of Laser Induced MAX 3D-Printed Electrode for Photo-Electrocatalysis and Energy Storage Application with Long Cyclic Durability of 100 000 Cycles”为题发表在《Advanced Functional Materials》上。
3D printing is a fast-growing field of additive manufacturing, which is capable of fabricating complex 3D structures with adjustable manufacturing parameters and scalability. However, 3D printing materials often require an activation step to eliminate non-conductive polymers after manufacturing, a process that has traditionally been achieved by chemical, thermal, or electrochemical methods. However, these traditional activation techniques have problems such as low efficiency and inconsistent results. In this study, we introduce a novel chemical-free activation method using laser treatment. This innovative technology effectively activates 3D printed electrodes, which are then evaluated for their photoelectric and electrochemical performance against conventional solvent-activated electrodes. This method not only precisely ablates excess non-conductive polymers, but also exposes and activates the underlying electroactive material. The 3D-printed electrodes processed with this single-step laser method have significantly lower overpotentials (≈505 mV) at a current density of -10 mA cm-2 at a wavelength of 365 nm. These electrodes also exhibit superior durability and can maintain stability for >100,000 cycles in energy storage applications. By combining 3D printing with laser processing, electrodes with complex structures and customizable properties can be fabricated. This synergy paves the way for the simplified production of such equipment in the field of energy conversion and storage.
Figure 1: Schematic diagram of filament fabrication and laser processing of the 3DP MAX electrode, and characterization of the 3DP-MAXsol and 3DP-MAXlaser electrodes.
Figure 2: a-c) 3DP-MAXsol and d-f) 3DP-MAXlaser confocal laser scanning microscope optical micrographs with corresponding 2D and 3D false-color profiles, scale bar ∼50 μm.
图3:a)3DP-MAXsol和3DP-MAXlaser电极的X射线衍射分析；b)3DP-MAXsol和3DP-MAXlaser电极的拉曼光谱分析；c)3DP-MAXsol和3DP-MAXlaser电极的紫外光谱测量。 d)3DP-MAXsol电极的d)Ti 2p；e) C 1s 和 f) Al 2p 以及3DP-MAXlaser电极的 g) Ti 2p；h) C 1s 和i) Al 2p 的高分辨率核级光谱和反卷积峰。 光谱显示了一个2 p1/2 峰，如图所示，位于较高的eV区域，颜色与2 p3/2 相似。
Figure 4: a) Linear scanning voltammetry (LSV) curves of photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with and without light irradiation for 3DP-MAXsol, 3DP-MAXsol (including commercial TiO2), and 3DP-MAXlaser three-electrode systems irradiated with and without light irradiation by a light source with wavelengths of 365 nm and 460 nm in a 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte at a scan rate of 2 mV s-1. b) Time-varying measurements of 365 nm and 460 nm continuous optical switches of optical radiation were recorded with a constant potential of -0.40 V relative to RHE under similar operating conditions for the 3DP-MAXlaser electrode.
5: Capacitance measurement of 3DP-MAXsol and 3DP-MAXlaser electrodes in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte, Pt as the counter electrode, Ag/AgCl (1 M KCl) as the reference electrode in a three-electrode system, and the prepared 3DP-MAXsol and 3DP-MAXlaser electrodes as the working electrodes.
6: a) Before electrochemical cycle stability measurements; Scanning electron microscope images of the 3DP-MAXlaser electrode after b) 20,000, c) 40,000 and d) 100,000 cycles after electrode removal during electrochemical cycling stability measurements.
7：a)激光诱导3DP-MAXlaser电极的原位XPS高分辨率光谱。 b)激光诱导3DP-MAXlaser电极表面（TiC、Ti2+、Ti3+和Ti4+）的原子分数分布。
Researchers have investigated a simple laser-activated 3D-printed electrode for photoelectrochemical energy conversion (HER) and supercapacitor applications. After laser processing of these electrodes, the electrode surface becomes rough and the chemical composition of the integrated MAX phase changes, enhancing the electroelectrochemical properties. Physical characterization confirmed changes in the crystal structure, defects, bandgaps, and chemical composition of the laser-treated electrodes. The performance of the 3DP-MAXlaser electrode is improved, and the overpotential value of the hydrogen evolution reaction is ≈505 mV under light (λ = 365 nm), and the specific capacitance is 83.71 mF cm-2 at 1.01 mA cm-2, which is comparable to the literature value. It is worth noting that the 3DP-MAXlaser electrode exhibits excellent long-term cycling stability over the course of 100,000 cycles, which is due to the fact that the surface is reconstituted from a 3D structure to a 1D structure during cycling, and the oxidation state of the Ti atom changes. This work provides new insights into the fabrication of 2D material-integrated 3D-printed independent electrodes and devices that can be used in a variety of electrochemical applications, including optoelectronic and electrochemical hydrogen evolution, supercapacitors, batteries, and electrochemical sensing. Using 3D printing and single-step laser processing, researchers have achieved improved electrochemical performance through a simple, environmentally friendly, economical, and scalable manufacturing technology.
Paper Links:
https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202407071
Welcome everyone to participate in the activities held by the Yangtze River Delta G60 Laser Alliance:
Application of laser intelligent manufacturing in new energy vehicles:
July 29-31, 2024, Hefei Fengda International Hotel, Anhui
Welcome to the conference and exhibition!