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Python 发送邮件

(***以下程序亲测成功***)

1. 简介：

安装 smtplib 模块：pip install smtplib

import smtplib
smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP( [host [, port [, local_hostname]]] )

参数说明：

1 host: SMTP服务器主机。 你可以指定主机的ip地址或者域名，可选参数。

2 port: 如果你提供了host 参数, 你需要指定 SMTP 服务使用的端口号，一般情况下SMTP端口号为25。

3 local_hostname: 如果SMTP在你的本机上，你只需要指定服务器地址为 localhost 即可。 

python SMTP对象使用sendmail方法发送邮件，语法如下：

SMTP.sendmail(from_addr, to_addrs, msg[, mail_options, rcpt_options]

1 from_addr: 邮件发送者地址。

2 to_addrs: 字符串列表，邮件发送地址

3 msg: 发送消息内容  

这里要注意一下第三个参数，msg是字符串，表示邮件。我们知道邮件一般由标题，发信人，收件人，邮件内容，附件等构成，发送邮件的时候，要注意msg的格式。这个格式就是smtp协议中定义的格式。

2. 发送普通邮件实例

QQ邮箱如何开启POP3/SMTP服务

https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/425e69e61e9178be15fc168a.html

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

# 发送普通邮件
# POP3 服务器地址：pop.qq.com
# SMTP 服务器地址：smtp.qq.com

class SendEmail:
    def __init__(self,send_user,email_host,email_port,password,user_list,title,message):
        # 发送邮件的用户
        self.send_user = send_user
        # SMTP 服务器地址：smtp.qq.com
        self.email_host = email_host
        # 服务器端口 465
        self.email_port = email_port
        # 开启POP3/SMTP服务,在第三方客户端登录时，生成的授权码
        self.password = password
        # 接收邮件的用户
        self.user_list = user_list
        # 邮件内容
        self.message = message
        # 邮件标题
        self.title = title
    def send_email(self):
        try:
            user = "菜鸟程序员" + "<" + self.send_user + ">"
            message = MIMEText(self.message, _subtype='plain', _charset='utf-8')
            message['Subject'] = self.title
            message['From'] = user
            message['To'] = ";".join(self.user_list)
            server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL()
            server.connect(self.email_host, self.email_port)
            server.login(self.send_user, self.password)
            server.sendmail(user, self.user_list, message.as_string())
            server.close()
            print("发送邮件成功，请查收")
        except Exception as e:
            print("发送邮件失败，报错信息：",e)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    send_user = "[email protected]"
    email_host = "smtp.qq.com"
    email_port = 465
    password = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
    user_list = ["[email protected]"]
    title = "邮件标题"
    message = "邮件内容"
    send = SendEmail(send_user,email_host,email_port,password,user_list,title,message)
    send.send_email()

3.使用Python发送HTML格式的邮件 

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

# 发送HTML格式邮件
# POP3 服务器地址：pop.qq.com
# SMTP 服务器地址：smtp.qq.com

class SendEmail:
    def __init__(self,send_user,email_host,email_port,password,user_list,title,message):
        # 发送邮件的用户
        self.send_user = send_user
        # SMTP 服务器地址：smtp.qq.com
        self.email_host = email_host
        # 服务器端口 465
        self.email_port = email_port
        # 开启POP3/SMTP服务,在第三方客户端登录时，生成的授权码
        self.password = password
        # 接收邮件的用户
        self.user_list = user_list
        # 邮件内容
        self.message = message
        # 邮件标题
        self.title = title
    def send_email(self):
        try:
            user = "菜鸟程序员" + "<" + self.send_user + ">"
            message = MIMEText(self.message, _subtype='html', _charset='utf-8')
            message['Subject'] = self.title
            message['From'] = user
            message['To'] = ";".join(self.user_list)
            server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL()
            server.connect(self.email_host, self.email_port)
            server.login(self.send_user, self.password)
            server.sendmail(user, self.user_list, message.as_string())
            server.close()
            print("发送邮件成功，请查收")
        except Exception as e:
            print("发送邮件失败，报错信息：",e)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    send_user = "[email protected]"
    email_host = "smtp.qq.com"
    email_port = 465
    password = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"
    user_list = ["[email protected]"]
    title = "邮件标题"
    message = """
        <p>全是BUG</p>
        <p><a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/xingxingnbsp/">菜鸟程序员博客</a></p>
    """
    send = SendEmail(send_user,email_host,email_port,password,user_list,title,message)
    send.send_email()

4.Python 发送带附件的邮件 

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

# 发送带附件的邮件
# POP3 服务器地址：pop.qq.com
# SMTP 服务器地址：smtp.qq.com

class SendEmail:
    def __init__(self,send_user,email_host,email_port,password,user_list,title,message,file_path):
        # 发送邮件的用户
        self.send_user = send_user
        # SMTP 服务器地址：smtp.qq.com
        self.email_host = email_host
        # 服务器端口 465
        self.email_port = email_port
        # 开启POP3/SMTP服务,在第三方客户端登录时，生成的授权码
        self.password = password
        # 接收邮件的用户
        self.user_list = user_list
        # 邮件内容
        self.message = message
        # 邮件标题
        self.title = title
        # 附件地址
        self.file_path = file_path

    def send_email(self):
        try:
            user = "菜鸟程序员" + "<" + self.send_user + ">"
            # 创建一个带附件的实例
            message = MIMEMultipart()
            message.attach(MIMEText(self.message, 'plain', 'utf-8'))
            message['Subject'] = self.title
            message['From'] = user
            message['To'] = ";".join(self.user_list)
            for file in self.file_path:
                # 构造附件
                att1 = MIMEText(open(file, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
                att1["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
                # 这里的filename可以任意写，写什么名字，邮件中显示什么名字
                att1["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename={}'.format(file)
                message.attach(att1)
            server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL()
            server.connect(self.email_host, self.email_port)
            server.login(self.send_user, self.password)
            server.sendmail(user, self.user_list, message.as_string())
            server.close()
            print("发送邮件成功，请查收")
        except Exception as e:
            print("发送邮件失败，报错信息：",e)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    send_user = "[email protected]"
    email_host = "smtp.qq.com"
    email_port = 465
    password = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
    user_list = ["[email protected]"]
    title = "邮件标题"
    message = "发送带附件的邮件"
    file_path = ["附件1.txt","附件2.txt"]
    send = SendEmail(send_user,email_host,email_port,password,user_list,title,message,file_path)
    send.send_email()

5.在 HTML 文本中添加图片 

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

# 发送普通邮件
# POP3 服务器地址：pop.qq.com
# SMTP 服务器地址：smtp.qq.com

class SendEmail:
    def __init__(self,send_user,email_host,email_port,password,user_list,title,message):
        # 发送邮件的用户
        self.send_user = send_user
        # SMTP 服务器地址：smtp.qq.com
        self.email_host = email_host
        # 服务器端口 465
        self.email_port = email_port
        # 开启POP3/SMTP服务,在第三方客户端登录时，生成的授权码
        self.password = password
        # 接收邮件的用户
        self.user_list = user_list
        # 邮件内容
        self.message = message
        # 邮件标题
        self.title = title
    def send_email(self):
        try:
            user = "菜鸟程序员" + "<" + self.send_user + ">"
            message = MIMEMultipart('related')
            content = MIMEText(self.message, 'html', 'utf-8')
            message.attach(content)
            message['Subject'] = self.title
            message['From'] = user
            message['To'] = ";".join(self.user_list)
            file = open("test.jpg", "rb")
            img_data = file.read()
            file.close()
            img = MIMEImage(img_data)
            img.add_header('Content-ID', 'image')
            message.attach(img)
            server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL()
            server.connect(self.email_host, self.email_port)
            server.login(self.send_user, self.password)
            server.sendmail(user, self.user_list, message.as_string())
            server.close()
            print("发送邮件成功，请查收")
        except Exception as e:
            print("发送邮件失败，报错信息：",e)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    send_user = "[email protected]"
    email_host = "smtp.qq.com"
    email_port = 465
    password = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"
    user_list = ["[email protected]"]
    title = "邮件标题"
    message = """
        <p>全是BUG</p>
        <p><a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/xingxingnbsp/">菜鸟程序员博客</a></p>
        <p>图片演示：</p>
        <p><img src="cid:image"></p>
    """
    send = SendEmail(send_user,email_host,email_port,password,user_list,title,message)
    send.send_email()
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