In the fourteenth year of The Duke of Luding (496 BC), Confucius, who was already an elderly man, left his hometown of Luguo and went to Weiguo, where he began a fourteen-year-long "expedition" to the nations. Confucius led his disciples to Weiguo, Cao, Song, Zheng, Chen, Cai, Chu and other countries, meeting with the monarchs of some countries and expressing their political views. Some readers and friends may have such doubts: "Why did Confucius, who traveled around the world for fourteen years, only did not go to the Qin Kingdom?" ”
One
Exaggerate, hope for meaning
Perhaps from the two words "nations", some readers and friends think that Confucius ran all the countries in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and because the Qin State and the "Historical Atlas of Confucius" did not record that Confucius went to the Qin State, it would be made up in the brain: "Because the Qin State is a small barbarian country, Confucius who attaches great importance to the ritual music system disdains to go, so Confucius did not leave for the Qin State." ”
First of all, as one of the greatest educators in our country, Confucius was very fond of "teaching" students, and it can be seen from his advocacy of "teaching without class", founding private schools, and recruiting students widely, that he liked to be a "teacher", so he did not go to the Qin country because he despised the Qin people, nor did he regard them as "barbarians" and did not want to preach and educate them. Second, from the route of Confucius and his disciples traveling around the world in the "Historical Atlas of Confucius", it can be seen that the scope of his investigation is mainly the countries near the state of Lu, and most of them are small countries, and "traveling around the countries" is a bit exaggerated, because Confucius and his disciples did not go to all the princely states, nor did they "only" qin state not go, such as the Jin state, Confucius only looked at the river and sighed:"
Beautiful! The water is full of oceans, the hills are not good, and the fate is also a husband!
"But even the Yellow River has not been crossed."
The picture above shows the trajectory of Confucius's life, and the number is age
Two
There are many battles in the west, and the road is obstructed and long
The State of Qin originated in Xi'an, and since its founding, the country has been in the midst of war. When qin zhuang was in power, he broke the western rong and obtained the ancestral land; when Qin Xianggong, xianggong escorted the king of Zhou Ping to qiandu, and was enfeoffed with the land west of qishan, and Qin shi established the country; when Qin Wengong,
"Duke Wen fought with his troops, and rong was defeated. So Wen Gong then received the zhou remnants of the people, the land to qi, the qi to the east of the zhou"
When Qin Xuangong was in power, the Qin state formulated a strategy to go east, and the high-speed development of the Qin state encountered the same old enemy Jin guo, who also had the ambition to chase the deer in the Central Plains, and the bumps between the two sides were a hundred-year war, it can be said that this country that arose from the west has never been divided, but has always been
"Repair my spear and robe with the Son."
On the one hand, the hegemonic situation openly created by Qin Mu no longer exists, the development of the Qin state is obstructed by the Jin state, on the other hand, the world is not peaceful, during this period of frequent wars, many countries are facing the problem of political instability, many Qing doctors hold real power, many state decrees are paralyzed, of which the Jin state, the gateway of Qin Dong, is a classic, and the power of the six secretaries of the DPRK and China is expanding, and they are difficult to each other. Confucius did not have the idea of moving to the Qin State, but he gave up halfway, the fundamental reason is that the distance is too long, Confucius and other people even if they walk in the countries around the Lu State can encounter accidents, either maliciously imprisoned, or starved of food, not to mention to go to the Qin State thousands of miles away, how dangerous this road is, it is unknown.
Three
For the sake of government and morality, it is not in line with hegemony
Confucius traveled around the world not only to preach, teach, and solve puzzles, but in fact, his greatest wish was to show his political ambitions under the appreciation and reuse of the king of a country, so that his ideal "datong" society could replace the chaotic world again. However, the "etiquette" and "benevolence" proposed by Confucius were too advanced, and did not conform to the background of the annexation war at that time, so Confucius encountered walls everywhere, and many countries he visited were only "respectful and not used", and the disheartened Confucius finally returned to the country of Lu and devoted himself to the cause of education.
During this period, the most popular among the nations was the idea of the legalists, and through the implementation of the law change by the state, the economic and military strength of the entire country could be rapidly enhanced, and domestic contradictions could be diverted. After all, during this period, countries continued to launch wars, large countries annexed small countries, and the monarch deprived the old aristocracy of power, all of which were inseparable from the support of legalist thought, and the Wei state in the early Warring States period and the Qin state in the later period were all examples of successful legal changes. The ideas advocated by Confucius and his disciples such as "benevolence", "benevolent government", and "virtue for the government" are inconsistent with the hegemony and royal way advocated by the monarchs. Therefore, even if Confucius did finally arrive in the Qin Kingdom, he would be honored as a guest of honor, but he would never reuse it.
Confucius is not only one of the greatest educators in our country, but he can also be ranked among the greatest statesmen. The chaotic dispute between the Spring and Autumn Warring States left Confucius with the "benevolent government" and "moral government" he advocated, but during his presidency of the Lu state government, the Lu state was greatly governed and the national strength was strengthened, and even the powerful Qi state was afraid of Confucius's talents. Originally, Confucius was going to the Jin Kingdom when he traveled around the world, but because the Chu State was jealous of having Confucius, the Jin Congress regained its hegemony, so it secretly obstructed it. In the end, Confucius returned to the country of Lu to concentrate on teaching, and never came out again.