内容来源：量子前哨（ID：Qforepost）
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As the highest level of science and technology at the national level, the highest national science and technology award was established by the State Council in 2000 and is selected once a year, with no more than two awards at a time. The award has been selected through a rigorous application and selection process, so there are vacant years (2004, 2015), and a total of 37 outstanding scientists have been awarded this award so far.
On June 24, the 2023 National Science and Technology Award was announced in Beijing, following the award of Academician Wang Xuan in 2001, the "post-60s" appeared among the winners of the award: Xue Qikun, a 61-year-old scientist in the field of condensed matter physics and academician of Tsinghua University, became the youngest of the highest award winners in the past.
FY2023
Li Deren: The age of the award is 85 years old
He is a well-known photogrammetry and remote sensing scientist who has been committed to improving the level of land observation in mainland surveying and mapping and remote sensing. He has overcome the core technology of global high-precision positioning and mapping of satellite remote sensing, solved a series of problems in high-precision processing of remote sensing satellite images, led the team to develop a fully automatic high-precision aerial and ground measurement system, and made outstanding contributions to the construction of high-precision and high-resolution earth observation system in the mainland.
Xue Qikun: The age of the award is 61 years old
He is a well-known scientist in the field of condensed matter physics and has made a number of leading and important scientific breakthroughs. He led his team to observe the quantum anomalous Hall effect for the first time, which had a significant academic impact in the world. The discovery of interface-enhanced high-temperature superconductivity in heterojunction systems has opened a new research direction in the field of international high-temperature superconductivity.
FY 2020
Gu Yifen: The age of the award is 91 years old
He is a master of new Chinese aircraft design, the founder of China's aircraft aerodynamic design, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He presided over the establishment of the continental aircraft aerodynamic design system, presided over the development of the J-8, J-8II and other series of high-altitude and high-speed fighter aircraft, created a precedent for the mainland to independently design and develop fighter aircraft, continued to carry out aviation strategic research, led and promoted the construction of the continental aviation industry system, and cultivated a large number of aircraft design leaders for the country.
Wang Dazhong: The age of the award is 86 years old
He is an internationally renowned nuclear energy scientist and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Committed to the development of advanced nuclear energy systems with inherent safety characteristics, he led the industry-university-research joint team to realize the overall development process of the mainland's high-temperature gas-cooled reactor technology from following and running to leading, laying an important technical foundation for the mainland to gradually move to the forefront of the world in the field of advanced nuclear energy.
FY 2019
Huang Xuhua: The age of the award is 94 years old
Chief designer of China's first generation of nuclear submarines, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, honorary director of the 719 Institute of China Shipbuilding Corporation, winner of the "Medal of the Republic". He was one of the pioneers and founders of the mainland's nuclear submarine industry, successfully developed the mainland's first-generation nuclear submarines, and made outstanding contributions to the mainland's sea-based nuclear forces to achieve a historic leap from scratch.
Zeng Qingcun: The age of the award is 85 years old
Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, researcher of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, internationally renowned atmospheric scientist, one of the founders of international numerical weather prediction, the first semi-implicit difference method, and made pioneering contributions to the two major symbols of modern atmospheric science and meteorology - numerical weather prediction and meteorological satellite remote sensing.
FY 2018
Liu Yongtan: The age of the award is 82 years old
He is an expert in radar and signal processing technology, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and a professor of Harbin Institute of Technology. In 1991 and 2015, he won the first prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, and led the team to achieve a major breakthrough in the theory and technology of the new sea detection system, and played an important role in engineering applications.
Qian Qihu: The age of the award is 81 years old
He is an expert in protective engineering, the first academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and a professor of the Army Engineering University. He has been engaged in the research of protection engineering and the cultivation of personnel for a long time, established a theoretical system of modern protection engineering on the mainland, solved a number of key technical problems in the protection of nuclear weapons in the air, bottoming out, and ground-penetrating explosions, and completed the epochal leap in the field of protection engineering on the mainland.
FY 2017
Wang Zeshan: The age of the award is 82 years old
For more than 60 years, he has focused on the research of explosives, led the team to develop the theory and technology of explosives, broke through a number of global bottleneck technologies, and applied a series of major inventions to weapons and equipment and production practices, writing a legend that the strength of mainland explosives has entered the forefront of the world.
Hou Yunde: The age of the award is 88 years old
He is a pioneer in molecular virology and genetic engineering drugs in mainland China, and has created a precedent for the research and development of innovative drugs in genetic engineering in mainland China, led the establishment of a national system of collaborative innovation in the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and comprehensively improved the prevention and control capacity of emerging infectious diseases in mainland China.
FY 2016
Zhao Zhongxian: The age of the award is 75 years old
He is the main advocate, promoter and practitioner of high-temperature superconductivity research in mainland China, and has made important contributions to the research of high-temperature superconductivity in China and among the top in the world.
Tu Youyou: The age of the award is 86 years old
Pharmacist, discoverer of the antimalarial drugs artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin. The method she created for the low-temperature extraction of the effective antimalarial parts of Artemisia annua became a key breakthrough in the discovery of artemisinin, which marked a new direction in the development of human antimalarial drugs, and won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
2015: Vacant
FY 2014
Yu Min: The age of the award is 88 years old
He is one of the leading figures in the research and development of national defense high technology on the mainland. He has been engaged in the cause of nuclear weapons for a long time, led and participated in the theoretical research and design of nuclear weapons, and has been incognito for 28 years, filling the gap in China's nuclear theory and making outstanding contributions to the breakthrough of the hydrogen bomb.
FY 2013
Zhang Cunhao: The age of the award is 86 years old
He is one of the founders of high-energy chemical laser and molecular reaction kinetics in Continental, and has pioneered and led the research and exploration of short-wavelength high-energy chemical laser in Continental.
Cheng Kaijia: The age of the award is 96 years old
He is one of the pioneers of the mainland's nuclear weapons industry and one of the founders of the nuclear test science and technology system. In the past 20 years, he has participated in and presided over the first atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb and other nuclear tests, and has made outstanding contributions to the mainland's nuclear weapons cause and the development of national defense high and new technology.
FY 2012
Zheng Zhemin: The age of the award is 88 years old
One of the founders and pioneers of continental explosion mechanics, a famous mechanist. He has presided over the formulation of the development plan of mechanics for a long time, developed a new sub-discipline of mechanics, explosive mechanics, and proposed a fluid projectile model with his collaborators, making important academic contributions.
Wang Xiaomo: The age of the award is 74 years old
The pioneer and founder of the mainland's early warning aircraft industry has successively presided over the development of a series of world-advanced radars such as China's first three-coordinate radar, taken the lead in developing domestic early warning aircraft equipment in China, built an early warning aircraft equipment development system, presided over the development of the mainland's first-generation airborne early warning system, and led the vision of domestic early warning aircraft to enter the ranks of the international advanced level.
FY 2011
Tse Ka Lun: The age of the award is 91 years old
The pioneer and founder of the continental particle accelerator industry, dedicated his life to particle accelerator research, and successfully developed the Beijing free electron laser device to become the first device in Asia to produce laser and achieve saturation oscillation, and successfully developed the world's first compact accelerator prototype, etc., which played a vital role in the development of the continental particle accelerator from scratch and among the world's frontiers.
Wu Liangyong: The age of the award is 89 years old
Famous architects, urban and rural planners and educators in mainland China have established Chinese Habitat and Environment Science, and successfully carried out multi-scale and multi-type planning and design research and practice from regional, urban to architectural and garden planning.
FY 2010
Shi Changxu: The age of the award is 90 years old
A well-known material scientist, his achievements have made the continental aero engine turbine blades from forging to casting, from solid to hollow to two new levels, making the mainland the second country after the United States to independently develop this key material technology, and also developed a variety of nickel-chromium-saving alloy steels, which solved the needs of the mainland industry at that time.
Wang Zhenyi: The age of the award is 86 years old
He is a well-known hematology expert who has successfully realized a new clinical treatment strategy for leukemia that transforms malignant cells into benign cells, laid the clinical foundation for the theory of induced differentiation, established the "Shanghai Program" for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia, established a successful model of the combination of basic and clinical practice, and established a clinical application research system of thrombosis and hemostasis in mainland China.
FY 2009
Gu Chaohao: The age of the award is 83 years old
An internationally renowned mathematician who has made important contributions to the three most active branches of the core mathematical frontier today: differential geometry, partial differential equations, and mathematical physics and their intersections.
Sun Jiadong: The age of the award is 80 years old
He presided over the overall design of the mainland's first artificial satellite, a re-entry satellite, and a geostationary orbit test communications satellite, making the mainland one of the few countries with relevant technology and making great contributions to the space industry.
FY 2008
Wang Zhongzhong: The age of the award is 83 years old
He is one of the pioneers of neurosurgery in mainland China, compiled the first neurosurgery monograph in mainland China "Cerebral Angiography", took the lead in adopting microscopic neurosurgery technology in China, led the scientific research team to overcome the "forbidden area" of neurosurgery, and made innovative contributions to the development and growth of neurosurgery in mainland China and to the world.
Xu Guangxian: The age of the award is 88 years old
Famous chemists and educators in the mainland have made important scientific contributions to the theory and application of rare earth separation, rare earth theory and coordination chemistry, and nuclear fuel chemistry, enabling the mainland to realize the leap from a country with rare earth resources to a country with production and application.
FY 2007
Min Eun-taek: The age of the award is 83 years old
Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, expert of China Petrochemical Catalyst, founder of the applied science of refining catalysis in mainland China, since the 80s, he has organized and guided a number of guiding basic research work on new catalytic materials, new reaction projects and new reactions, and is the pioneer of petrochemical technology innovation in mainland China.
Wu Zhengyi: The age of the award is 91 years old
Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, a well-known botanist, engaged in botanical research and teaching for more than 70 years, investigated and found out the basic background of mainland plant resources, proposed the establishment of "nature reserves" and "wild germplasm resource banks", and made outstanding contributions to the conservation of continental biodiversity and the sustainable use of resources.
FY 2006
Li Zhensheng: The age of the award is 75 years old
He is a well-known geneticist and wheat breeder, mainly engaged in the research of wheat genetics and distant cross breeding, and at the same time carried out research on agricultural development strategy, making great contributions to the progress of agricultural science and technology and the sustainable development of agriculture in the mainland.
FY 2005
Ye Duzheng: The age of the award is 89 years old
He is one of the main founders of modern meteorology in China, pioneered the meteorology of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, founded the theory of atmospheric circulation and seasonal abrupt changes in East Asia, and the theory of adaptation to atmospheric motion, and made outstanding contributions to the development of modern meteorology in the mainland.
Wu Mengchao: The age of the award is 83 years old
He is the founder of hepatobiliary surgery in mainland China, founded the key theoretical basis and technical system of liver surgery, opened up a new field of basic and clinical research of liver cancer, and created the world's largest liver disease research and diagnosis and treatment center.
Year 2004: Vacancies
FY 2003
Liu Dongsheng: The age of the award is 86 years old
He is a well-known geoenvironmental scientist, geologist, and "father of loess", who has made a lot of achievements in the fields of vertebrate paleozoology and quaternary geology, especially in the study of loess, making China one of the world's leading in the field of paleoglobal change research.
Wang Yongzhi: The age of the award is 71 years old
He is one of the pioneers of the manned space project, participated in the development of the mainland's first-generation and second-generation strategic rockets, presided over the completion of the development of the Long March-2E high-thrust bundled rocket, and made great contributions to the complete success of the first manned space flight and the historic breakthrough of manned spaceflight.
FY 2002
Jin Yilian: The age of the award is 73 years old
One of the pioneers of China's supercomputer industry, he served as the chief designer of the "Shenwei" supercomputer system in the 90s, making the peak computing speed of high-performance computers in mainland China leap from 1 billion times per second to more than 300 billion times per second, achieving a historic breakthrough in high-performance computers in mainland China.
FY 2001
Wang Xuan: The age of the award is 64 years old
The founder of the Chinese character laser phototypesetting system pioneered the development of the fourth-generation laser phototypesetting system that was not available at home and abroad at that time, allowing publishing and printing to "bid farewell to lead and fire, and usher in light and electricity", and promoted the development of the mainland newspaper industry and printing and publishing industry.
Huang Kun: The age of the award is 82 years old
He is one of the founders of continental solid-state physics and semiconductor physics, and has made many pioneering and significant contributions to solid-state physics.
FY 2000
Wu Wenjun: The age of the award is 81 years old
Famous mathematician, one of the founders of China's mathematical mechanization research, has made significant contributions to the main field of mathematics - topology, proposed the "Wu method" of proving geometric theorems with computers, and created the first original research field by Chinese in the history of modern mathematics - mathematical mechanization.
Yuan Longping: The age of the award is 70 years old
The world-renowned "father of hybrid rice", the invented hybrid rice is called "Oriental magic rice" by Western experts, which fundamentally solves the problem of Chinese people's difficulty in eating, and has made great contributions to the development of grain production and agricultural science in the mainland.
It is hereby noted that the translation of this article by Quantum Outpost is for information transmission and reference only, and does not mean that it agrees with the views and data in this article.
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