On October 10, 1949, Chairman Mao presided over a meeting of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China to discuss and decide on several issues in the march into the great southwest.
The great southwest is the Sichuan, Yunnan, Qian, Kang, and Tibet regions, where resources are abundant and the strategic position is very important. Sichuan, on the other hand, plays a pivotal role in the entire southwest pattern. At this time, our army's strategy was to encircle the great southwest with the momentum of overwhelming the mountains and the sea, and finally liberate Sichuan.
At the meeting, Chairman Mao finally made a decision and decided to divide into two large armies to encircle Sichuan in a roundabout way, one way, that is, the southern line, led by Liu Bocheng, from Nanjing, Wuhu, Anqing and other places to the west, from Hunan into Sichuan's Unitary Xiuqian Peng, and then capture Chongqing.
The other road, the northern front, commanded by He Long, was dispatched from Gannan and southern Shaanxi, marched southwest through Mianyang, Sichuan, and then captured Chengdu.
He Long was very excited, because he had not commanded a big battle for a long time. At the beginning of the Liberation War, He Long's troops were handed over to Peng Dehuai for command, and He Long's main job has always been to provide all-round logistical services for the Northwest Field Army.
The War of Liberation was nearing its end, and Chairman Mao, who knew people well and was good at his duties, entrusted he Long with the heavy task of liberating the big city of Chengdu.
When Chairman Mao asked He Long which unit he had brought into Sichuan, He Long said, "The Eighteenth Corps is now in the Qinchuan and Tianshui areas, and it is in a more convenient position to enter Sichuan, so I will take the Eighteenth Corps with me." ”
Mao Zedong readily agreed, and decided that He Long would lead 14 divisions of the Eighteenth Corps, the Seventh Army, and the Nineteenth Army into Sichuan to liberate southern Shaanxi and northern Sichuan and Chengdu. Chairman Mao instructed He Long: "The time for the battle against Hu should not be too early, and Liu and Deng should be waited for to advance to the line of Xufu, Luzhou, and Chongqing, and then launch an attack, which is about the middle of December." ”
Someone asked He Long why he didn't bring his own troops, and He Long said, "Why do you have to bring the troops I used to lead?" The armed forces are all led by the Party, not by He Long's own. If I did that, I wouldn't look like a Communist. ”
On October 13, Chairman Mao and the CPC Central Committee issued new appointments, with Deng Xiaoping, Liu Bocheng, and He Long serving as the first, second, and third secretaries of the Southwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, He Long as commander of the Southwest Military Region, Deng Xiaoping as political commissar, and Liu Bocheng as chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee.
He Long, who has military power in his hands, ushered in another brilliant life.
On the march of He Long's troops from Shaanxi into Sichuan, one of the accompanying personnel was Ma Zhitu, the head of the Sichuan underground party and deputy secretary of the Sichuan Kang Special Committee, who had come to report on the situation in Sichuan.
Horses when doing underground work
Ma Zhitu was not only an outstanding underground leader of our party, but also a great man of letters, and along the way he sat in He Long's car and talked very happily.
Faced with the southward retreat of Hu Zong's southern team, He Long was not in a hurry to catch up. Ma Zhitu, who was following the army to the south, was very puzzled and asked He Long, why didn't he chase? He Long replied, "There is no hurry, wait for Erye's troops to seal their retreat route in Yunnan, and then we will attack together." If you are in a hurry, you can't stop Hu Zongnan.
Ma Zhitu was impressed by He Long's statement. He Long told him that this was the instruction that Grand Marshal Mao had given me.
He Long was very cute and admired Chairman Mao very much, and always called Chairman Mao a marshal.
Ma Zhitu was born in 1915, his original name was Ma Qianmu, a native of Zhong County, Chongqing. Ma Zhitu's father, Ma Yuzhi, who participated in the Xinhai Revolution in his early years, was the speaker of the county council at that time, and later served three county chiefs, two in Hongya County and one in Dayi County. During his tenure, Ma Yuzhi was very clean, running education, building water conservancy and roads, but his salary could not afford the tuition of his children, so he had to open a wine shop in his hometown of Zhong County to subsidize the family.
At the age of 16, Ma Zhitu went to the high school attached to Peking University in Beijing thousands of miles away, and was later admitted to the Central University in Nanjing, where he participated in the "12.9" movement, joined the Communist Party of China in March 1938, and successively served as a member of the Hankou Workers' Committee, a member of the Ebei Special Committee, and the secretary of the Zaoyang County Party Committee in Wuhan.
In 1939, Ma Zhitu was transferred to Western Hubei as the secretary of the Essi Special Committee. After the Anhui Incident in 1941, he returned to the Chongqing Southern Bureau and was ordered to be admitted to the Southwest United University in Kunming to organize a student movement.
In 1945, Ma Zhitu was transferred to the Southern Yunnan Working Committee. In 1946, he was transferred to Chengdu as the deputy secretary of the Chuankang Special Committee.
At that time, the Jurisdiction of our Party's Chuankang Special Committee included Chengdu City, Chuanxi District, Chuannan District, Ya'an, Leshan Area and Xichang District, and was juxtaposed with the Chongqing Municipal Committee of our Party in Eastern Sichuan.
The famous work "Red Rock" reflects the tragic events caused by the rebellion of Liu Guoding, secretary of the Chongqing Underground Party Committee, and Ran Yizhi, deputy secretary of the Chongqing Underground Party Committee, and the story of the martyrs of Zha di Dong who can sing and cry. Among the martyrs who died under the enemy's butcher's knife before the liberation of Chongqing on November 14, 1949 were Qi Liang, secretary of the Northern District of Chongqing, and his lover Ma Xiuying.
Martyr Ma Xiuying is Ma Zhitu's cousin, she is an underground party member, she had the opportunity to escape but did not act, willing to accompany her beloved husband Qi Liang to die.
The betrayal of the chongqing underground party traitors not only led to the destruction of the underground party in eastern Sichuan, but also indirectly affected the underground party organization in Chengdu; Lao Pu, secretary of the Sichuan Kang special committee, defected quickly after his arrest, and Ma Zhitu, who served as deputy secretary, was also on the enemy blacklist, but he did not retreat at the first time, risking his life, until after the evacuation of other important members of the party, he went from Chengdu to Chongqing, and then disguised himself as a big boss who did pig bristle business to Guizhou, through Guangzhou, and finally arrived in Hong Kong safely, where he joined the comrades.
At this time, it was already the beginning of 1949, the three major battles of the Liberation War had been successfully concluded, and Peiping had been liberated. In late March, Ma Zhitu and other underground party members received orders to go north to Beiping and prepare to go south to participate in the takeover work. When they arrived in Beiping, Zhou Enlai invited them to a reception and tea party held by the central authorities, and informed everyone of the situation on the front line, and Ma Zhitu understood that the People's Liberation Army was about to march to the south and southwest. Soon, Ma Zhitu went south to participate in the work of receiving Wuhan, and was later ordered to rush to Nanjing, which had just been liberated, to join the Second Field Army, which was about to march into Sichuan. When He Long led his troops from the south, Ma Zhitu and others were ordered to meet He Long from Nanjing to Xi'an and go south together.
The People's Liberation Army approached Chengdu from three sides, southeast, south and north, and a total of 19 armies and 52 divisions of the Kuomintang Hu Zongnan and other units were completely encircled by the Plaster. Luo Guangwen, commander of the 15th Corps, and Chen Kefei, commander of the 20th Corps, led their troops to revolt in Pi County. On December 23, Hu Zongnan fled from Chengdu to Hainan Island, and Sheng Wen, commander-in-chief of Chengdu's defense, absconded from Chengdu late at night. On the 27th, Hu Zongnan's elite unit, Li Wen, commander of the Kuomintang Fifth Corps, surrendered with more than 50,000 men, and the northern and southern fronts met in Chengdu in victory. At this point, Chengdu was liberated, and history designated this day as Chengdu Liberation Day. On the 29th, 123 units from all walks of life in Chengdu formed the sichuan provincial capital to celebrate the liberation conference and welcome the victory of the people's liberation army into Chengdu. On the 30th, He Long led a large army into Chengdu City in victory, and held a grand and grand ceremony to enter the city, and the people of Chengdu warmly welcomed and celebrated the liberation of Chengdu.
Ma Zhitu served as a member of the Chengdu Military Control Commission. The rebellious Kuomintang general Luo Guangwen was his compatriot and wanted to feast on him, and Ma Zhitu asked He Long, "Go or not?" He Long told him to go, explained the policy to Luo Guangwen, and persuaded him to accept the adaptation. Ma Zhitu successfully completed his task, and Luo Guangwen's troops quickly went to the battlefield in East China and accepted the reorganization.
Ma Zhitu's brother Ma Shihong was the deputy commander of the major general under Luo Guangwen, and he also returned to the people's camp with Luo Guangwen. On January 2, 1950, Ma Shihong, on behalf of Luo Guangwen's troops, went into the city to report to He Long. As soon as he arrived at the hall, his eyes lit up, and he found that next to He Long was sitting his younger brother Ma Zhitu.
Both brothers were stunned, and He Long turned to Ma Zhitu and asked, "Do you know that person?" ”
Ma Zhitu replied: It's my brother.
Luo Guangwen's younger brother, Luo Guangbin, was a student of the famous physicist Yang Zhenning. Luo Guangbin, also an underground party member, was arrested in 1948 and was one of the survivors of the Zha di dong, who later specialized in creation in the Chongqing Municipal Literary Association. He is the author of the revolutionary memoir "Eternal Life in the Fire" and the novel "Red Rock".
Luo Guangbin's revolutionary guide is ma Zhitu.
After the founding of New China, Ma Zhitu successively served as director of the Sichuan Provincial Construction Department, director of the Construction Commission, secretary of the Party Committee of the Southwest Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Southwest Bureau of the Central Committee, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Sichuan Provincial CPC Committee, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Sichuan Provincial People's Congress, chairman of the Sichuan Provincial Federation of Literature and Literature, and chairman of the Sichuan Provincial Writers Association.
A few years ago, Jiang Wen's very popular movie "Let the Bullets Fly" was adapted from Ma Zhitu's "Ten Tales of night Tan" in "The Record of the Thief Official".
There are real prototypes for this subject. According to Ma Zhitu's brother Ma Shihong's recollection: When I was a child, I was in a chaotic world, and when I was in elementary school, a very strange thing happened. The new county magistrate came to Zhong County to report, and when he was about to arrive at the county seat, he accidentally fell into the water and drowned, but the welcome ceremony here has begun, and the firecrackers will be lit, what to do? The secretary of the county chief decided to impersonate the county chief, and the county chief's wife agreed. At that time, my father was the speaker of the county council, and the fake county magistrate came to my house to visit, and I saw it. I told this story to my brother Ma Zhitu, who had a heart and later wrote it into a novel.
Ma Zhitu and his brother Ma Shihong were both centenarians, and the two published memoirs of a hundred years.
On May 8, 2016, Ma Shihong passed away at the age of 105.
Mr. Ma Zhitu is still alive and is 106 years old this year. He has a "three-word recipe for longevity": do not speak of old age, we must serve the old; do not talk about the old; do not look at the old, less trouble; use the brain diligently, think more; be content and high-minded; do not be lonely, have knowledge; often eat vegetarian, seven points full; quit smoking, drink less; exercise more, walk well; know the destiny of heaven, happy; this is the way of life. (Liu Jixing)