In the history of the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were often official titles such as Shuntianfu and Wucheng Terracotta Division, and everyone was very familiar with these official positions, but they did not understand these official positions. For example, Yin of Suncheon Province, on the surface, is only a local official, and the actual power is not large. In fact, Yin of Suncheon was a powerful figure, and in general, he was a close confidant or trusted official of the emperor. So, how many troops did Suncheon Fu Yin have under his command, and why was he able to manage 24 counties? Today, we will talk about the story of Suncheon Fu Yin.
The status of Suncheon Fu Yin was similar to that of the Song Dynasty's Kaifeng Fu Yin, that is, the official who managed the capital of the dynasty. In 1368, after the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, a large-scale Northern Expedition began, driving the Yuan Dynasty forces back to the northern grasslands. At first, the capital of the Ming Dynasty was in Nanjing, known as Ying Tianfu. However, after Zhu Di, the King of Yan, became emperor, the capital of the Ming Dynasty moved from Nanjing to Beijing, which was known as Shuntianfu. The Ming Dynasty nominally had two capitals, hence the simultaneous existence of Suncheon and Yingtianfu.
In addition, the Ming Dynasty retained both the Northern Zhili and the Southern Zhili. During the ming dynasty, the jurisdiction of Shuntianfu was not large, and in addition to being responsible for the security of the capital, it only managed Wanping County and Daxing County. After the entry of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty followed a series of regulations of the Ming Dynasty, but due to the decline in the status of Nanjing, both the Southern Zhili and Ying Tianfu had been abolished. Suncheon province continued to be retained, but the jurisdiction expanded rapidly. The Shuntianfu of the Ming Dynasty only administered 2 counties, while the Shuntianfu of the Qing Dynasty managed 24 counties of Tong, San, Wu, Bao, Ji, Xiang, Ning, Ba, Bao, Wen, Da, Gu, Yong, Dong, Da, Wan, Zhuo, Liang, Fang, Chang, Shun, Mi, Huai, and Ping, which basically belonged to the small number one feudal officials.
Let's look at the grade of The Yin of Suncheon Province, according to the system of the imperial court, the prefect is generally from the fourth pin or the fifth pin official. For example, the prefects of Kaifeng Province, Wuchang Province, Suzhou Province and other places belong to the four products. As for the prefects of Xuchang Province, Xuzhou Province and other places, it is Zheng Wupin. According to the rank of officials at the provincial level, the inspector is responsible for all aspects of the province's military, government, civil affairs and finances, and belongs to the number one in the province. Due to the title of Right Deputy Governor of the Imperial Household or Rebbe Attendant, it belongs to the Zheng erpin or subordinate Erpin official. The envoy is responsible for the province's finance, civil affairs, personnel appointment and removal, economic construction and other work, which belongs to the executive deputy provincial level, and the grade is congert.
As for the envoys, they are responsible for the prison, justice and public order of the whole province, and belong to the Zhengsanpin officials. In the film and television drama "Yongzheng Dynasty", Jiangsu said with full confidence: "I am a member of the Imperial Court's Three Pins, who of you dares to move me?" "Please note that Yin of Suncheon Province is also a Zhengsanpin official, two or three ranks higher than the average prefect, one level higher than the local Daotai, and the same level as the provincial governor. In the hearts of the emperor and the court tycoons, The Suncheon Fu Yin was even higher than the envoys and envoys, basically on the same level as the inspectors.
Why is this happening? Let's look at the jurisdiction of Suncheon Province. Suncheon Fu Yin administered the 24 counties around the capital, in other words, all the affairs of these 24 counties were handled by Suncheon Fu Yin. The 24 counties are equivalent to the current two or three prefecture-level cities, and the area is not small. Nominally, these 24 counties were under the administration of the Governor-General. However, in actual administration, Suncheon Fu Yin was responsible for managing these 24 counties, and Suncheon Fu Yin was directly responsible to the imperial court and was not directly under the administration of the viceroy.
Orders issued by Suncheon Fu Yin in his own jurisdiction did not require the consent of the directly subordinate governor. From this point of view, SuncheonFu Yin actually belongs to a miniature version of the inspector. In the work of the inspectors, there were also the constraints of officials such as admirals, envoys, and envoys, but Yin of Suncheonfu did not have this problem at all. In addition, Suncheon Fu Yin also needed to be responsible for public security around the capital, and the responsibility was very heavy. Generally speaking, the officials who can serve as the yin of Suncheon are basically directly selected by the emperor or agreed by the emperor. Otherwise, it is impossible for such an important position not to be audited. Please note that Suncheon Fu Yin also has the responsibility to defend the safety of the capital.
During the reign of the Qing Dynasty, the defense of the capital was taken care of by the Jiumen Admiral, who belonged to the Yipin high-ranking official and managed the Eight Banners Infantry Battalion and the Patrol Five Battalions, totaling more than 30,000 horses. In addition, there are also eight banners of the Beijing camp stationed in the capital, which belongs to the elite field mobile units of the Qing Dynasty, similar to the Fengtai camp and the Xishan Ruijian camp in the film and television drama. As an emperor, of course, all the armed forces will not be placed in one institution, because such a risk is too great.
Therefore, the emperor handed over the security of the capital to the Nine Gate Admiral, the Five Cities Terracotta Division, and the Suncheon Province. Suncheon Fu Yin may be the only one in the world that can directly mobilize the army, according to the regulations, Suncheon Fu has six or seven thousand officers and soldiers, these officers and soldiers are responsible for training and maintaining law and order, and their combat effectiveness is not strong. However, there was a constraint on the Nine-Door Admiral. In addition, the Five Cities Terracotta Division is also responsible for managing some officers and troops. If any official wanted to rebel, he had to control the Eight Banners of Jingying, the Admiral of the Nine Gates, the Shun tianfu, and the Five Cities Terracotta Division at the same time. In the Officialdom of the Qing Dynasty, which was full of factions and intertwined teeth, this was an impossible task, and even the favorite vassals of the Qianlong Dynasty and Yan could not manage so many institutions at the same time.
Suncheon Fu Yin was directly responsible to the emperor, if Suncheon Fu Yin was transferred to other official positions. Generally speaking, if you continue to serve as a Beijing official, you will definitely be a six-part attendant. If the local officials in various places are transferred, at least the envoys of a province, it is also possible to directly transfer them to the post of inspector. Although The Yin of Suncheon Province held a high position of authority, the Zhi Counties under the jurisdiction of the Yin of Suncheon Province were very difficult. The ZhiXian of the Qing Dynasty were generally seven pin officials, and at most they were from six pin officials. Facing Lord Fu Yin of Zheng Sanpin, he was six or seven levels higher than himself. In addition, The Yin of Suncheon Province would not be replaced easily, and in the capital city where the magnates were like clouds, Qipinzhi County was nothing at all.
Therefore, many officials were reluctant to serve as local officials around the capital when the officials were elected, and even appeared in the saying that "the three lives are unfortunate, the county is attached to Guo; the three lives are evil, and the provincial city of Guo is attached; the evil is full of evil, and the guo capital is attached." It can be seen that the local officials around the capital are very embarrassed. As for the Zhixian in the field, on their own acres and three points of land, they can be called "earth emperors." "Every time I went out, the gong sounded and opened the road, and the servants lined up to guard the honor. For the people everywhere, Zhixian may be the highest official he has ever seen, and there is a saying that "breaking the family and knowing the county, destroying the prefect".