Preface
LLC controller is a kind of control chip dedicated to LLC resonant converter, through the precise combination of resonant inductance and capacitor, to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) or zero current switching (ZCS), thereby significantly reducing switching loss, improving conversion efficiency, with the advantages of high working frequency, small loss, high efficiency and small size, can effectively improve the power density of the charger, resonant operation can achieve soft switching in the full load range, reduce switching loss, especially suitable for high-power applications.
At present, the highest voltage level of PD3.1 is 48V, and for 48V high-power chargers, the use of LLC controller is essential. The LLC architecture replaces the PFC+ flyback architecture on high-power PD fast charging, soft switching reduces switching losses, and with GaN and SiC third-generation semiconductor components, the operating frequency is greatly improved, and higher conversion efficiency and power density can be obtained.
48V High Power Charger LLC Controller
Charging head network carefully counted a number of LLC controllers launched by many power chip companies participating in the 2024 (Spring) Asia Charging Exhibition. And this information is summarized and sorted out to form the following table, which shows in detail the main products and packaging characteristics of each company.
Chip Hope芯茂微
Shenzhen Xinmao Microelectronics Co., Ltd., headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong, is an enterprise engaged in the design of high-performance digital-analog mixed integrated circuits, and is committed to becoming a world-class integrated circuit design company.
The company mainly focuses on the BCD process, targeting the industrial-grade power supply below 100KW, and base stations, servers, switches, smart homes, PCs, power equipment, medical instruments, etc. are the main application scenarios of the company's chips. The 500kHZ QR control chip, the 5kW PFC chip, the 800W LLC+PFC Combo control chip, and the 2kW current mode LLC chip have all been mass-produced and shipped.
Since 2019, the company has officially entered the field of new energy, and has developed and launched a series of high-performance products such as SiC gate isolation drive chip in the main drive inverter of the tram, power management chip in the electric drive of the tram, E-fuse in the intelligent PDU of the tram, on-board OBC control chip, high-voltage charging pile control chip, and inverter control chip in photovoltaic energy storage.
The company attaches great importance to technological innovation and has maintained high investment in research and development over the years. It won the "13th (2018) China Semiconductor Innovative Product and Technology Award", and undertook major technical research such as "2018 Shenzhen Technical Research Project" and "2019 Guangdong Major Project". In 2023, the company will be approved to establish the "Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center", which will vigorously research and develop the drive and control technology of the third-generation semiconductors and promote the application of the third-generation semiconductors.
Xinmao LP9961
LP9961AA is a fully integrated LLC controller with a high-voltage half-bridge drive. The internal implementation of a 600V high-voltage gate drive makes it possible to implement an efficient and reliable LLC resonant system with minimal peripheral components. Adaptive dead time control can greatly improve the efficiency of the system. The unique burst control mode can meet the requirements of high efficiency under light load and low standby power consumption under no load at the same time.
LP9961AA The internal LDO controller outputs a stable voltage power supply, which can directly supply power to the external PFC controller.
LP9961AA Built-in multiple protection mechanisms: input over/under voltage protection, output over-voltage protection, over-current protection, capacitive zone protection and over-temperature protection.
Xinmao LP9962
The LP9962 is a fully integrated PFC and LLC controller with a high-voltage half-bridge drive. The internal implementation of a 600V high-voltage gate drive makes it possible to implement an efficient and reliable LLC resonant system with minimal peripheral components. Adaptive dead time control can greatly improve the efficiency of the system. The unique burst control mode can meet the requirements of high efficiency under light load and low standby power consumption under no load at the same time.
The LP9962 adopts its own patented detection method and algorithm, and the LLC system can achieve both constant voltage and constant current working states. The PFC adopts CCM control mode; When it is heavy-load, it will work in fixed-frequency mode and in light-load mode.
LP9962 integrates multiple protection mechanisms: the LLC part has perfect input over/under voltage protection, system output over/under voltage protection, output over-current protection, capacitive zone protection and over-temperature protection. The PFC part has inductor over-current protection, over-power limiting, input under-voltage protection, output over/under voltage protection, and over-temperature protection. The LP9962 is available in an SOP20 package.
FANTASTICHIP梵塔
Fanta Semiconductor Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., located in Hangzhou High-tech Development Zone, is a high-tech enterprise supported by the "5050" policy in Binjiang District, Hangzhou. Based on solving customers' system application problems, the company combines the advantages of digital and analog, focusing on the research and development of high-performance digital-analog hybrid power management chips. The company has a complete team and rich experience in the development of digital and analog power management products. The team members have many years of experience in product development and sales in well-known enterprises, and have participated in the research and development and market development of many popular products in the market. Our aim is to serve customers and provide customers with more digital, intelligent and integrated cost-effective high-end energy-saving power management chips. At present, the company has two product lines of power management and battery management, which are mainly used in high-frequency, high-efficiency and high-power density switching power supply and battery charging management, such as server power supply, PC power supply, TV power supply and mobile energy storage power supply.
Company advantages: The core R&D team has many years of working experience in well-known enterprises such as TI, MPS, Samsung Semiconductor and Delta, and has rich application knowledge of switching power supply systems, superb digital front-end and back-end design capabilities, rich analog IC design experience and various IP development capabilities, such as high-speed ADCs up to 16 bits. The power management chips developed by the company keep up with the development trend of the times, with the purpose of meeting the needs of customer system applications, with the goal of facilitating customer use, and highly combining system knowledge, switching power supply topology knowledge, digital design and analog design, to provide customers with more digital, intelligent and integrated cost-effective high-end energy-saving power management chips. The company attaches great importance to intellectual property rights, the company has been established for more than 2 years, has applied for more than 20 invention patents, has been successfully authorized 3 invention patents, 2 new application patents.
LLC控制器 FAN6886&FAN6888
FAN6886&FAN6888 is a high-performance half-bridge LLC resonant controller IC that uses hybrid dual-cycle control technology to simplify loop compensation and fast dynamic response. The chip has an automatic dead-time adjustment function, which can achieve zero-voltage switching (ZVS) at full load, effectively improving energy efficiency and system stability. At the same time, the FAN6886&FAN6888 also has a capacitive zone protection function, and the intermittent operation mode control not only improves the light-load efficiency, but also significantly reduces the noise.
In addition, the control parameters of the FAN6886&FAN6888 can be programmed through a graphical user interface (GUI) to differentiate the parameters according to different application scenarios. The peripheral circuit design of the chip is simple, and there is no need for Vcr to adjust the sampling circuit, which simplifies the design process and can effectively reduce the development cost. When the system is turned on, the FAN6886&FAN6888 can easily achieve the current soft start, which further ensures the stable operation of the system.
The chip integrates a 12-bit ADC and 64bytes of MTP, which has powerful data processing capabilities and storage functions. In terms of protection functions, FAN6886&FAN6888 has Brown in/out, output over-voltage protection, output under-voltage protection and 3-level over-current protection, etc., and also meets the strict energy efficiency requirements of 80+, Energy Star and COC V5 Tier2, which is suitable for high-power adapters, TVs, LED street lights, PC power supplies and other applications. When paired with the FAN663x chip, the FAN6886&FAN6888 can achieve standby power consumption of less than 100mW even without the need for an auxiliary power supply, resulting in excellent energy consumption.
Kiwi Instruments必易微
Shenzhen Biyi Microelectronics Co., Ltd. (stock code: 688045) is a supplier of high-performance analog and digital-analog mixed integrated circuits, the main products include AC-DC, DC-DC, driver IC, linear voltage regulation, battery management, charging management, amplifiers, digital-to-analog converters, sensors, etc., providing one-stop chip solutions and system integration for customers in consumer electronics, industrial control, network communications, data centers, automotive electronics and other fields.
Biyi Micro respects talents, reuses talents, does not forget the original intention of improving life with science and technology, takes customers as the center, adheres to the company philosophy of "unique innovation, easy to use", innovates the core field, leads the development of chips, and strives to become the world's leading chip design company.
Biyi Micro KP2591
The KP2591 is a resonant switching power supply controller based on a half-bridge LLC resonant converter with an integrated half-bridge driver that can directly drive the power transistor with a 50% duty cycle, with a drive voltage clamp to 12V and a maximum operating frequency of 350kHz.
The KP2591 integrates high-voltage start-up, AC power-down detection, and X-capacitor discharge, and has a built-in high-precision VCO oscillator with a maximum operating frequency of 350kHz. The chip integrates the function of adaptive dead-time control to ensure that the power switch is turned on at zero voltage (ZVS), which improves the system efficiency. At the same time, the chip integrates capacitive zone protection to avoid bridge arm pass-through and hard switching, which improves the reliability of the system. In addition, the chip can be controlled into low standby mode by external signals, reducing the standby loss of the system.
The KP2591(A) integrates complete protection functions, including: VDD over/undervoltage protection, VBT undervoltage protection, AC overvoltage and input undervoltage protection, overload protection, resonator overcurrent protection, output overcurrent protection, capacitive area protection, SEL pin open and short circuit protection, overtemperature protection, etc., in SOP-16 package.
MERAKI茂睿芯
Maoruixin Technology Co., Ltd. is a company dedicated to the design, research and development, sales and technical services of high-performance analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits, founded by a team of senior experts with rich experience in world-class semiconductors, and its products are mainly positioned in high-performance power management, automotive electronics, power drive modules, motor drives and sensor technology and other applications, and have achieved outstanding results in the fields of communications, industrial and consumer power supplies. At present, the company has accumulated a large number of intellectual property rights in advanced processes, and has obtained 27 authorized patents (17 invention patents and 10 utility models), and 42 integrated circuit layout rights.
Moruixin MK2199
The MK2199 is a primary-side voltage-mode LLC controller. It can be paired with the MK1620/1 for efficient and reliable LLC designs. The output voltage is regulated by adjusting the operating frequency, and a fixed dead time is inserted between shutdown and on to improve reliability.
The IC provides a CSS pin that allows the user to externally set the frequency of the oscillator. At start-up, the switching frequency starts at a programmable maximum and gradually decreases until it reaches a steady-state value determined by the control loop. This frequency change is non-linear to minimize output voltage overshoot, and its duration can also be programmed.
Under light load conditions, the MK2199 will automatically enter burst mode operation, reducing the loss of system switching devices. If the first level of protection is not sufficient to control the primary current, a higher level of overcurrent protection (OCP) locks the IC. The combination of the two provides full protection against overloads and short circuits. An additional protection input (DIS) allows for easy over-temperature protection (OTP) or over-voltage protection (OVP).
Moruixin MK2189 series
The MK2189/L/D is a voltage-mode LLC controller with voltage as the main control variable, which can be used with the LLC SR controller MK1620/1 to achieve a high-efficiency and high-reliability LLC design.
The MK2189 series adjusts the output voltage by adjusting the operating frequency. A dead time is fixed between shutdown and on to improve reliability. The IC provides a pin (CSS) that allows the user to externally program the frequency of the oscillator. At start-up, the switching frequency starts at a programmable maximum and gradually decreases until it reaches a steady-state value determined by the control loop. This frequency variation is nonlinear to minimize output voltage overshoot, and its duration is also programmable.
Under light load, the MK2189/L/D will automatically enter burst mode operation, reducing the switching loss of system equipment and suppressing noise. If the first level of protection is not sufficient to control the main current, a higher level of overcurrent protection (OCP) will shut down the IC. Their combination provides complete protection against overloads and short circuits. In addition, there is a protected input (DIS) for easy over-temperature (OTP) or over-voltage (OVP) applications.
The MK2189 series has a wide VCC voltage range up to 26V, where the MK2189D can adjust the dead time from 250ns to 1us. The operating frequency is up to 500KHz, with 0.3A drive current and 0.8A pull-down current, which can meet various power supply needs, and adopts SOP-16 package, which can be used in AC/DC adapters, high power density DC/DC converters, server centers, LCD displays and other fields.
STMicroelectronics
STMicroelectronics has 50,000 creators and innovators of semiconductor technology, mastering the semiconductor supply chain and state-of-the-art manufacturing equipment. As a vertically integrated semiconductor manufacturer (IDM), ST works with more than 200,000 customers and thousands of partners to develop products and solutions that build an ecosystem that helps them better address challenges and new opportunities to meet the world's heightened demand for sustainability. ST's technology makes mobility smarter, power and energy management more efficient, and cloud-connected, autonomous devices more widely used. STMicroelectronics has committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2027 (fully in Scope 1 and 2 and partially in Scope 3).
Italian and French STNRG011
STMicroelectronics has introduced a digitally controlled PFC+LLC 2-in-1 controller STNRG011 in an SO20 package that features fewer external components, lower no-load power consumption, higher light-load efficiency, and improved dynamic response than traditional two-chip power solutions.
ST's STNRG011 is a digital multi-mode PFC+ST patented time-shift LLC controller with built-in 800V high-voltage start-up circuitry, built-in input voltage detection, and X-capacitor discharge to reduce standby power consumption. The built-in PFC controller supports input voltage feed-forward, THD optimization, and frequency limiting, operating in critical mode in enhanced fixed on-time mode.
STNRG011 built-in complete set of PFC protection, easy control of the time of the resonant half-bridge, enhanced light-load burst mode with support for fast burst mode, and built-in complete half-bridge protection function. Available in open frame power supply, flat screen TV power supply, PC power supply, and adapter applications.
The STNRG011 is packaged in an SO20 package, and the pins are designed in blocks to separate the high-voltage and drive pins from the sampling pins, which is convenient for circuit optimization design. Built-in 8-bit digital core control, built-in digital algorithm and hardware analog circuit to achieve high-performance and high-reliability power supply design. The built-in ROM memory of the chip is used to store the algorithm, and the parameters can be stored in the device memory during the production stage to achieve flexible function configuration. It also supports UART pin communication to realize monitoring functions, connect external memory or update internal storage information from external memory.
Summary of the charging head network
The LLC controller's efficient soft-switching technology and precise control of resonant inductors and capacitors significantly improve the power density and conversion efficiency of the charger. Especially in combination with the third-generation semiconductor materials GaN and SiC, the LLC architecture can achieve higher operating frequencies and lower losses, replacing the traditional PFC+ flyback architecture.
With the launch of their respective LLC controllers by a number of power chip companies, the popularization and development of this technology in the field of high-power charging has been further promoted. Through continuous innovation and technological advancement, LLC controllers will bring more efficient and stable solutions for high-power applications.