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Before the beginning of the article on the introduction of each vocational education major, the editor must emphasize one point, that is, those who are interested in applying for vocational colleges, whether it is undergraduate, junior college, or secondary vocational level colleges, You have to go to the website of the Ministry of Education Vocational Education Professional Introduction (revised in 2022) column (website: http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A07/zcs_ztzl/2017_zt06/17zt06_bznr/bznr_zdzyxxzyml/) to take a look, of course, there are paper versions of books, and friends who need them go to major e-commerce platforms or bookstores to buy them.
Why? Because the editor's introduction material is mainly from the column, other people's introductions may also refer to the relevant content of the column. More importantly, colleges and universities should carry out professional construction and talent training in accordance with the professional catalog and related introductions.
Today, we will continue to introduce the relevant majors in the major categories of civil engineering and architecture. This is a once very popular professional category, just because a certain domestic industry has leveraged too much social wealth, everyone is swarming to develop in this direction, and many people have indeed made money.
Judging from the information displayed in the column of the introduction of vocational education majors on the website of the Ministry of Education (revised in 2022), there are seven major categories in civil engineering and architecture, namely architectural design, urban and rural planning and management, civil construction, construction equipment, construction engineering management, municipal engineering, and real estate.
Obviously, unlike ordinary undergraduate architecture and civil engineering, which belong to different professional categories, the catalog of vocational education majors merges civil engineering and architecture into one major category. You can also pay attention to the setting of civil engineering and architecture majors in ordinary undergraduates:
Since ordinary undergraduate colleges have opened a large number of architecture and civil engineering majors, they should also set up civil engineering and construction majors at the middle and higher vocational levels? After all, when considering the planning of civil engineering and construction majors, no one would have thought that there would be such big fluctuations in a certain industry.
The urban and rural planning and management we are talking about today, in today's era when undergraduates are full of places, how to find employment after graduation is indeed a difficult problem. In the past, there was a certain industry as a reservoir, and it was a big deal to work in the construction unit, but now these advantages and opportunities may be few. In this context, how should we view this professional class?
I think the following three points are very important:
First, we need to know what urban and rural planning is planning. As we all know, urban and rural planning is a comprehensive and forward-looking planning work that guides urban and rural construction and development. Its purpose is to promote the coordinated development of urban and rural economy, society and environment through scientific planning and management, and improve the quality of life of urban and rural residents. The significance of urban and rural planning is to optimize the allocation of resources and promote the balanced development of urban and rural areas; protect and inherit history and culture, and shape characteristic urban and rural features; improve the quality of urban and rural construction and improve the living environment of residents; Guide the construction and improvement of urban and rural infrastructure and public service facilities.
As a planning activity, the overall framework of urban and rural planning includes planning concepts, planning objectives, planning principles, planning periods and planning contents. Its components cover the following areas: land-use planning; urban spatial layout planning; infrastructure planning; ecological and environmental protection planning; planning of public service facilities; disaster prevention and mitigation planning, etc.
The above brief introductions tell us the fact that urban and rural planning is a complex and systematic project, which requires comprehensive consideration of many factors. Through scientific planning and management, we can promote the coordinated development of urban and rural economy, society and environment, and improve the quality of life of urban and rural residents.
This plan is not only necessary, but also highly specialized, requiring both macro thinking and micro knowledge, and the person who can do the work will consider the problem quite comprehensively. However, it should not be overlooked that with the widespread use of information systems, rapid mapping has become possible, and the planning work itself may evolve into an "automated" process of collecting data, then systematically processing the information, and then directly producing the planning map. In the end, the quality of the plan may evolve to be judged according to the level of the text and the ability to accumulate words such as "axis", "belt", "vertical", "horizontal", "core area" and "functional area".
Second, in this context, is it still necessary to study urban and rural planning and management majors at the higher vocational and secondary vocational levels? Xiaobian believes that it is still necessary, mainly based on two considerations.
1. There are indeed some backward areas that need some college graduates to enrich the relevant departments. Today, when many counties and towns have a certain number of staff members of government organs and institutions who have graduated from graduate school, there are still some counties in which there is still a shortage of qualified personnel, and there are more or less such counties in the central and western provinces. How many such counties there are, the editor can't say.
2. This industry also needs some graduates at the higher vocational or even intermediate level. The reason is understandable.
3. Some students can use these majors to obtain a higher vocational graduation certificate. The reason for this is suitable for all "unpopular" majors, and if the score is not high, the probability of being admitted to these majors is higher.
If you don't have any of the above three conditions, do you still need to apply for the exam? Of course, you can, for example, out of interest, for family inheritance, and for example, you don't know what major to choose, and so on. To put it bluntly, many friends who apply for higher vocational and secondary vocational level colleges and universities do not know what major they are applying for, so they choose a major that they are familiar with.
Third, let's take a look at important information such as the career orientation and training goal positioning of each major. Since the number of students and applicants at the higher vocational level is in an absolute leading position, we focus on the relevant situation of various majors at the higher vocational level. The content introduced by the editor is mainly from the introduction of vocational education majors (revised in 2022) column on the website of the Ministry of Education, and the above content is very comprehensive, so you must take a look for yourself. For example, the major of "village and town construction and management" that everyone is not familiar with is as follows:
Professional code 440203
Name of Major: Construction and Management of Villages and Towns Basic study period Three years
Career orientation
It is oriented to urban and rural planning engineering and technical personnel, civil engineering and construction technical personnel, and other occupations, as well as village and town construction planning management, civil engineering construction, municipal facilities maintenance and other positions (groups).
Cultivate targeting
This major cultivates high-quality technical and skilled talents with all-round development of morality, intelligence, physical fitness, aesthetics and labor, mastering a solid scientific and cultural foundation and knowledge of village and town planning, surveying and mapping geographic information, civil engineering construction technology, construction management, construction management, etc., with the ability of village and town planning and management, civil engineering construction, village and town construction management, land and resources management, craftsman spirit and information literacy, and can be engaged in village and town construction planning and management, housing construction and property rights management, village appearance management, municipal infrastructure construction and maintenance, etc.
Key Professional Competency Requirements
1. Have the ability to read and draw construction drawings;
2. Have the ability to use modern surveying technology to carry out surveying and mapping of village and town construction;
3. Have the ability to implement village and town planning and design;
4. Have the ability to use smart construction technology for the construction of village and town houses and municipal projects;
5. Have the ability to apply information technology to manage the construction of villages and towns;
6. Have the ability to maintain and manage the appearance of the village and town and the infrastructure of the village and town;
7. Master the relevant laws and regulations in the field of village and town construction and management, and have the awareness of safety first, quality first, energy conservation and emission reduction, and good communication and cooperation skills;
8. Have the ability to judge, analyze and deal with simple technical problems in the construction and management of villages and towns;
9. Ability to engage in inquiry-based learning, lifelong learning, and sustainable development.
Major professional courses and practical training
Professional basic courses: Architectural Engineering Drawing and Drawing, Modern Surveying Technology, Building Materials, Building Construction, Building Mechanics and Structure, BIM Technology and Application, Planning Principles, Construction Regulations.
Major Core Courses: Civil Engineering Construction Technology, Civil Engineering Construction Organization and Management, Construction Engineering Quality and Safety Management, Construction Project Contract Management, Geographic Information System (GIS), Village and Town Planning, Village and Town Management,
Land Use and Planning.
Internship Training: Connecting with real career scenarios or work situations, conducting practical training in geographic information system, construction and municipal engineering construction, building construction organization design, construction management and other training inside and outside the school. On-the-job internship in productive training bases, construction enterprises, village and town planning departments, housing and urban-rural development departments and other units or places.
Examples of vocational certificates
Professional Qualifications: Registered Town and Country Planner
Vocational Skill Level Certificate: Construction Engineering Quality Inspection, Building Information Modeling (BIM), Real Estate Data Collection and Database Construction
Examples of continuing majors
Examples of continuing higher vocational undergraduate majors: urban and rural planning, construction engineering, construction engineering management Examples of continuing general undergraduate majors: urban and rural planning, civil engineering, engineering management
If you don't want to see it, then take a look at the editor's brief introduction.
First of all, urban and rural planning (440201)
In the introduction, it is mainly for occupations such as urban and rural planning engineering and technical personnel, urban and rural planning and design, urban and rural planning management and other positions (groups); Cultivate high-quality technical and skilled personnel who can be engaged in the preparation of planning results, township land and space planning, regulatory detailed planning, construction detailed planning, village planning, special planning, planning consultation, planning examination and approval, and supervision.
This is the first major of this major, with the most comprehensive learning content, and can also be engaged in smart city management technology, village and town construction and management. In other words, the two majors of smart city management technology and village and town construction and management can be said to have developed from the urban and rural planning major.
Secondly, look at smart city management technology (440202).
The introduction is that for the positions (groups) of building information model technicians, urban management grid personnel and urban public facilities management service personnel, we will train high-quality technical and skilled personnel who can be engaged in urban information model modeling and application, photogrammetry and remote sensing, geographic information system application, municipal infrastructure management, urban community management, smart city operation and governance, etc.
The characteristic advantages of this major, the editor thinks that the main reason is that the continuation of the undergraduate major looks good. Among them: examples of continuing higher vocational undergraduate majors: urban design digital technology, intelligent management of urban facilities; Examples of continuing general undergraduate majors: Urban Management, Information Management and Information Systems.
As for the possibility of becoming a coder in the future? Xiaobian believes that there is absolutely this possibility, whether it is a smart city or urban digital management, the core is information technology.
Finally, the construction and management of villages and towns (440203)
The content of the introduction has been quoted by the editor. See for yourself. There are two biggest advantages of this major, the first is that it is possible to apply for the registered urban and rural planner, and the second is that it is good to continue the undergraduate major.
There are so many instigations, does the editor recommend that you apply for the exam? Again, adhere to a principle, report if you like, and try not to report if you don't like. The reason why I say this is because if you are not interested, it is difficult to support you to complete three years of secondary or higher vocational education.
Special note: The relevant materials in this article are all from the Ministry of Education and relevant colleges and universities and relevant media reports.