China has broken the constraints of resource shortage and brought about a revolution in ultra-low temperature refrigeration
With the continuous development of high and new technology, the demand for ultra-low temperature is increasing, but the maintenance of ultra-low temperature traditionally requires expensive and scarce liquid helium as a refrigerant, and China's helium resources are in short supply and rely heavily on imports. If imports are restricted, many scientific research and production in ultra-low temperature fields may be affected.
The so-called ultra-low temperature is a temperature below 1 K, which is below -272.15 °C in terms of degrees Celsius, which is very close to the absolute zero of the lowest temperature in the universe. In the past, the realization of such a temperature mainly relied on liquid helium evaporation and endothermy, which not only cost high to use liquid helium, but also the evaporation loss of liquid helium was relatively large, and the equipment for maintaining the temperature was relatively complex.
The new method developed by the Chinese research team uses ultrasolids and a magnetic field to achieve a low temperature of -273.056°C, or 0.094K. The new method not only bypasses the expensive liquid helium and breaks the resource shortage constraints, but also saves the complex pipelines and circulating pumps required for the flow of liquids and gases, and can create more compact and long-life ultra-low temperature refrigeration equipment, which can be applied to superconducting computers, aerospace equipment, and even more advanced nuclear magnetic resonance equipment in the future, so that these fields can avoid the dependence on liquid helium, an expensive consumable.
This achievement, published in the world's most influential journal, Nature, is a groundbreaking achievement, and it is worth looking forward to the use of this technology.
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